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The Centor criteria are a set of criteria which may be used to identify the likelihood of a bacterial infection in patients complaining of a sore throat. They were developed as a method to quickly diagnose the presence of Group A streptococcal infection or diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis in "adult patients who presented to an urban emergency room complaining of a sore throat."
Strep throat is a common bacterial infection in children. [2] It is the cause of 15–40% of sore throats among children [7] [13] and 5–15% among adults. [8] Cases are more common in late winter and early spring. [13] Potential complications include rheumatic fever and peritonsillar abscess. [1] [2]
Throat swab. Differentiating a viral and a bacterial cause of a sore throat based on symptoms alone is difficult. [29] Thus, a throat swab often is done to rule out a bacterial cause. [30] The modified Centor criteria may be used to determine the management of people with pharyngitis. Based on five clinical criteria, it indicates the ...
The Centor criteria are also ineffective in diagnosis for tonsillitis in children and in secondary care settings (hospitals). [15] A modified version of the Centor criteria, which modified the original Centor criteria in 1998, is often used to aid in diagnosis.
Children under 2 years old should not be given any type of cough or cold medicine due to the potential for life-threatening side effects. [23] In addition, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics , the use of cough medicine to relieve cough symptoms should be avoided in children under 4 years old, and the safety is questioned for ...
Throat of a child with a positive throat culture for streptococcal pharyngitis Streptococcal pharyngitis with red throat/uvula and spots on roof of mouth. Strep throat is usually associated with fatigue and a fever of over 39 °C (102.2 °F). [13] The tonsils may appear red and enlarged and are typically covered in exudate. [12]
In a prediction rule study, investigators identify a consecutive group of patients who are suspected of having a specific disease or outcome. The investigators then obtain a standard set of clinical observations on each patient and a test or clinical follow-up to define the true state of the patient.
For children younger than 15 years old, nasopharyngel catheters or nasal prongs are recommended over a face mask or head box. [25] A Cochrane review in 2014 presented a summary to identify children complaining of severe LRTI, however; further research is required to determine the effectiveness of supplemental oxygen and the best delivery method.