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Location of the Kingdom of Aksum. Muhammad's commencement of public preaching brought him stiff opposition from the leading tribe of Mecca, the Quraysh.Although Muhammad himself was safe from persecution due to protection from his uncle, Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib, a leader of the Banu Hashim, one of the main clans that formed the Quraysh), some of his followers were not in such a position.
Purported letter sent by Muhammad to the Byzantine emperor Heraclius. Aslim Taslam (Arabic: أسلم تسلم) is a phrase meaning "submit (to God, i.e., by accepting Islam) and you will get salvation", [1] taken from the letters sent by the Islamic prophet Muhammad to various rulers in which he urged them to convert to Islam.
Abd Allah bin Hudhafa al-Sahmi carried the letter of Muhammad to Khosrow II, the emperor of the Sassanid Empire (Persia). When Abd Allah entered the kingdom, Khosrow sent his messenger to get the letter off him but Abd Allah refused, saying Muhammad had ordered him to present the letter to the King only and he was not going to break the instructions of Muhammad.
During the Expedition of Zaid ibn Haritha (Hisma) Muhammad sent Al-Ala'a Al-Hadrami to Munzer bin Sawa the king of Bahrain called Munzir ibn Sawa Al-Tamimi. [2] [3] The letter from Muhammad is preserved and can be seen at Beit Al Qur'an museum in Hoora, Bahrain, with the seal of Muhammad still intact, though some have claimed it's a forged replica.
Muhammad Hamidullah collected 6 of Muhammad's letters whose original texts have been preserved, he compiled it in his French book Six Originaux des letters diplomatiques du Prophete e l'Islam. [6] The translator of Tabari, The last Years of the Prophet, Isma'il Qurban Husayn, mentions in the footnote on page 83, that the letter mentioned by ...
Muhammad's Letter to Muqauqis discovered in Egypt in 1858. [4] Muhammad's letter maqoqas egypt, discovered in Egypt in 1858, coloured version. Ibn Ishaq and other Muslim historians record that sometime between February 628 and 632, Muhammad sent epistles to the political heads of Medina's neighboring regions, both in the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East, including to al-Muqawqis:
The Ashtiname of Muhammad, also known as the Covenant or Testament (Testamentum) of Muhammad, is a charter or writ granting protection and other privileges to the followers of Jesus, given to the Christian monks of Saint Catherine's Monastery in the Sinai Peninsula. It is sealed with an imprint representing Muhammad's hand. [1]
[79] [86] [87] Later reportedly he wrote to a certain religious official in Rome to confirm if Muhammad's claim of prophethood was legitimate, and, after receiving the reply to his letter, called the Roman assembly saying, "If you desire salvation and the orthodox way so that your empire remain firmly established, then follow this prophet," to ...