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  2. Look-ahead (backtracking) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Look-ahead_(backtracking)

    In other words, for any unassigned variables, the values that cannot consistently be extended to another variable are removed. The difference between forward checking and arc consistency is that the former only checks a single unassigned variable at a time for consistency, while the second also checks pairs of unassigned variables for mutual ...

  3. Similarity learning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Similarity_learning

    Similarity learning is closely related to distance metric learning.Metric learning is the task of learning a distance function over objects. A metric or distance function has to obey four axioms: non-negativity, identity of indiscernibles, symmetry and subadditivity (or the triangle inequality).

  4. Similarity measure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Similarity_measure

    As such, for two objects and having descriptors, the similarity is defined as: = = =, where the are non-negative weights and is the similarity between the two objects regarding their -th variable. In spectral clustering , a similarity, or affinity, measure is used to transform data to overcome difficulties related to lack of convexity in the ...

  5. Nominal type system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominal_type_system

    In computer science, a type system is nominal (also called nominative or name-based) if compatibility and equivalence of data types is determined by explicit declarations and/or the name of the types. Nominal systems are used to determine whether types are equivalent, as well as whether a type is a subtype of another.

  6. Bivariate analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bivariate_analysis

    The least squares regression line is a method in simple linear regression for modeling the linear relationship between two variables, and it serves as a tool for making predictions based on new values of the independent variable. The calculation is based on the method of the least squares criterion. The goal is to minimize the sum of the ...

  7. Binary search - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search

    Binary search Visualization of the binary search algorithm where 7 is the target value Class Search algorithm Data structure Array Worst-case performance O (log n) Best-case performance O (1) Average performance O (log n) Worst-case space complexity O (1) Optimal Yes In computer science, binary search, also known as half-interval search, logarithmic search, or binary chop, is a search ...

  8. Multivariate interpolation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate_interpolation

    In numerical analysis, multivariate interpolation or multidimensional interpolation is interpolation on multivariate functions, having more than one variable or defined over a multi-dimensional domain. [1] A common special case is bivariate interpolation or two-dimensional interpolation, based on two variables or two dimensions.

  9. Stratified randomization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratified_randomization

    Graphic breakdown of stratified random sampling. In statistics, stratified randomization is a method of sampling which first stratifies the whole study population into subgroups with same attributes or characteristics, known as strata, then followed by simple random sampling from the stratified groups, where each element within the same subgroup are selected unbiasedly during any stage of the ...