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In formal language theory, weak equivalence of two grammars means they generate the same set of strings, i.e. that the formal language they generate is the same. In compiler theory the notion is distinguished from strong (or structural) equivalence, which additionally means that the two parse trees [clarification needed] are reasonably similar in that the same semantic interpretation can be ...
The examples in the table are given as an overview, the word formation comprises many words not given here, for example, any verb can have an adjective made by the same pattern: sverti – svarus 'valid; ponderous'; svirti – svarùs 'slopable'; vyti – vajùs 'for whom it is characteristic to chase or to be chased'; pilti – pilùs 'poury ...
The relationship between words is indicated with link types, thus making the Link grammar closely related to certain categorial grammars. For example, in a subject–verb–object language like English, the verb would look left to form a subject link, and right to form an object link. Nouns would look right to complete the subject link, or left ...
Example Found in Adessive case: close: near/at/by the house Estonian | Finnish [1] | Hungarian | Lezgian | Lithuanian | Livonian | Tlingit | Tsez | Kven: Antessive case: anterior: before the house Dravidian languages [2] Apudessive case [3] adjacent: next to the house Tsez: Inessive case: inside: inside the house
A linguistic theory that aims for explanatory adequacy is concerned with the internal structure of the device [i.e. grammar]; that is, it aims to provide a principled basis, independent of any particular language, for the selection of the descriptively adequate grammar of each language. [4]
Coordinate structures are created when two or more elements are connected by a coordinator. These structures can involve words, phrases, or clauses. For example, "apples and oranges" is a coordinate structure consisting of two noun phrases, while "She likes apples and he likes oranges" is a coordinate structure consisting of two clauses.
Operator grammar, which makes selection a central part of the theory. Link grammar, which assigns a (floating point) log-likelihood "cost" to each context a word can appear in, thus providing an explicit numeric estimate of the likelihood of a parse.
A perfect tense does not necessarily have to be perfective in aspect. For example, "I have been waiting here for an hour" and "I have been going to that doctor all my life" are perfect but also imperfective in aspect. There are some languages, however, such as Modern Greek, in which the perfect tense is always perfective. [10]