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Girls Coming to Tech!: A History of American Engineering Education for Women (MIT Press, 2014) Joyce Currie Little, "The Role of Women in the History of Computing." Proceedings, Women and Technology: Historical, Societal, and Professional Perspectives. IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society, New Brunswick, NJ, July 1999, 202–05.
The following is a list of notable African-American women who have made contributions to the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.. An excerpt from a 1998 issue of Black Issues in Higher Education by Juliane Malveaux reads: "There are other reasons to be concerned about the paucity of African American women in science, especially as scientific occupations are among the ...
The history of women as designers and builders of machines and structures predates the development of engineering as a profession. Prior to the creation of the term "engineer" in the 14th century, women had contributed to the technological advancement of societies around the globe.
Parks became one of the most impactful Black women in American history almost overnight when she refused to move to the “colored” section of a public bus in 1955.
Concerning minority (African American, Hispanic, Native American) women, the percentages of engineering bachelor's recipients increased from approximately 7% in 1989 to 12% in 2008. [citation needed] The percentages of minority women with engineering doctoral degrees were much lower, however, barely increasing from 1% throughout this period.
African American have been the victims of oppression, discrimination and persecution throughout American history, with an impact on African-American innovation according to a 2014 study by economist Lisa D. Cook, which linked violence towards African Americans and lack of legal protections over the period from 1870 to 1940 with lowered innovation. [1]
The book takes place from the 1930s through the 1960s, depicting the particular barriers for Black women in science during this time, thereby providing a lesser-known history of NASA. [3] The biographical text follows the lives of Katherine Johnson , Dorothy Vaughan , and Mary Jackson , three mathematicians [ 4 ] who worked as computers (then a ...
Black women were also among the ENIAC programmers, [3] who programmed the first digital computer for the US Army. Their stories have not been documented. Given the dearth of information regarding the contributions of women in early computer science, it is likely that other Black women have made significant contributions to computer science and ...