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Tobacco smoking during pregnancy causes many detrimental effects on health and reproduction, in addition to the general health effects of tobacco.A number of studies have shown that tobacco use is a significant factor in miscarriages among pregnant smokers, and that it contributes to a number of other threats to the health of the foetus.
Nicotine use for tobacco cessation has few contraindications. [69] It is not known whether nicotine replacement therapy is effective for smoking cessation in adolescents, as of 2014. [70] It is therefore not recommended to adolescents. [71] It is not safe to use nicotine during pregnancy or breastfeeding, although it is safer than smoking.
Smoking during pregnancy is dangerous to the unborn baby and may cause pre-term birth, birth defects such as cleft lip or cleft palate, or miscarriage. [93] [80] Tobacco is the most commonly used substance among pregnant women, at 25%. [87] [94] Nicotine crosses the placenta and accumulates within fetal tissues.
Smoking while pregnant can cause great harm to an unborn child. Nicotine and numerous other drugs travel through the mom's blood stream and directly to the child which can increase the baby's ...
Smoking most commonly leads to diseases affecting the heart and lungs and will commonly affect areas such as hands or feet. First signs of smoking-related health issues often show up as numbness in the extremities, with smoking being a major risk factor for heart attacks, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, and cancer, particularly lung cancer, cancers of the larynx and ...
There is no supporting evidence demonstrating that vaping is safe for use in pregnant women. [104] Nicotine accumulates in the fetus because it goes through the placenta. [112] Nicotine has been found in placental tissue as early as seven weeks of embryonic gestation, and nicotine concentrations are higher in fetal fluids than in maternal ...
Nicotine may be safer than nicotine plus the other chemicals found in cigarettes and vapes, but on its own, nicotine has been associated with detrimental health effects as well, says Bhatnagar.
Nicotine gum is designated pregnancy risk category C by the US Food and Drug administration, indicating that while animal studies have demonstrated an adverse effect on the fetus, there is an absence of adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.