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  2. Spondylolisthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylolisthesis

    Spondylolisthesis is when one spinal vertebra slips out of place compared to another. [1] While some medical dictionaries define spondylolisthesis specifically as the forward or anterior displacement of a vertebra over the vertebra inferior to it (or the sacrum), [2] [3] it is often defined in medical textbooks as displacement in any direction.

  3. Retrolisthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrolisthesis

    These cannot be determined by plain films, as the x-ray passes through the soft tissue. A study by Giles et al., stated that sixteen of the thirty patients (53%) had retrolisthesis of L5 on S1 ranging from 2–9 mm; these patients had either intervertebral disc bulging or protrusion on CT examination ranging from 3–7 mm into the spinal canal.

  4. Bertolotti's syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertolotti's_syndrome

    Bertolotti's syndrome is a commonly missed cause of back pain which occurs due to lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV). It is a congenital condition but is not usually symptomatic until one's later twenties or early thirties. [1] However, there are a few cases of Bertolotti's that become symptomatic at a much earlier age.

  5. Disc herniation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_herniation

    The former is the most common, causing low back pain (lumbago) and often leg pain as well, in which case it is commonly referred to as sciatica. Lumbar disc herniation occurs 15 times more often than cervical (neck) disc herniation, and it is one of the most common causes of low back pain.

  6. Lumbar spinal stenosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_spinal_stenosis

    Forward displacement of a proximal vertebra in relation to its adjacent vertebra in association with an intact neural arch, and in the presence of degenerative changes, is known as degenerative spondylolisthesis, [9] [10] which narrows the spinal canal, and symptoms of spinal stenosis are common. Of these, neural claudication is most common.

  7. Cauda equina syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauda_equina_syndrome

    Signs and symptoms include low back pain, pain that radiates down the leg, numbness around the anus, and loss of bowel or bladder control. [1] Onset may be rapid or gradual. [1] The cause is usually a disc herniation in the lower region of the back. [1] Other causes include spinal stenosis, cancer, trauma, epidural abscess, and epidural hematoma.

  8. Congenital vertebral anomaly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_vertebral_anomaly

    In sacralization, the L5-S1 intervertebral disc may be thin and narrow. This abnormality is found by X-ray. [citation needed] Sacralization of L6 means L6 attaches to S1 via a rudimentary joint. This L6-S1 joint creates additional motion, increasing the potential for motion-related stress and lower back pain/conditions.

  9. Neurogenic claudication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurogenic_claudication

    In addition to spinal stenosis, other lower back conditions such as spondylosis, tumors, infections and herniated or ruptured discs can cause NC. These conditions contribute to the potential narrowing of the spinal cord, increasing pressure and inducing damage on the spinal nerve roots, thus, causing paing, tingling or weakness in the lower body.

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