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  2. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide

    Flavin adenine dinucleotide consists of two portions: the adenine nucleotide (adenosine monophosphate) and the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) bridged together through their phosphate groups. Adenine is bound to a cyclic ribose at the 1' carbon, while phosphate is bound to the ribose at the 5' carbon to form the adenine nucledotide.

  3. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acyl-CoA_dehydrogenase

    The medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) is the best known structure of all ACADs, and is the most commonly deficient enzyme within the class that leads to metabolic disorders in animals. [1] This protein is a homotetramer with each subunit containing roughly 400 amino acids and one equivalent of FAD per monomer.

  4. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_adenine_di...

    NADP is a reducing agent in anabolic reactions like the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses. NADP exists in two forms: NADP+, the oxidized form, and NADPH, the reduced form. NADP is similar to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), but NADP has a phosphate group at the C-2′ position of the adenosyl.

  5. Flavoprotein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavoprotein

    The flavin is generally tightly bound (as in adrenodoxin reductase, wherein the FAD is buried deeply). [1] About 5-10% of flavoproteins have a covalently linked FAD. [ 2 ] Based on the available structural data, FAD-binding sites can be divided into more than 200 different types.

  6. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_adenine_di...

    Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP [1] [2] or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require NADPH as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP + is the ...

  7. Flavin reductase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavin_reductase

    This means that it is a bisubstrate-biproduct mechanism. First the flavin reductase enzyme binds NADPH and stabilizes the release of the hydride. Because of sterics, it is not possible for the enzyme to bind both NADPH and the flavin. [5] For this reason, NADP+ is released and then the flavin substrate is bound to the enzyme.

  8. NADPH—hemoprotein reductase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADPH—hemoprotein_reductase

    The three substrates of this enzyme are NADPH, H +, and oxidized hemoprotein, whereas its two products are NADP + and reduced hemoprotein. It has two cofactors: flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN). This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on NADH or NADPH with a heme protein ...

  9. FMN reductase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMN_reductase

    The 3 substrates of this enzyme are FMNH2, NAD +, and NADP +, whereas its 4 products are FMN, NADH, NADPH, and H +. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases , specifically those acting on the CH-NH group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.