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A breast implant is a prosthesis used to change the size, shape, and contour of a person's breast.In reconstructive plastic surgery, breast implants can be placed to restore a natural looking breast following a mastectomy, to correct congenital defects and deformities of the chest wall or, cosmetically, to enlarge the appearance of the breast through breast augmentation surgery.
The follow-up report, Natrelle Saline-filled Breast Implants: a Prospective 10-year Study (2009) indicated rupture-deflation rates of 3–5 percent at 3-years post-implantation, and 7–10 percent rupture-deflation rates at 10-years post-implantation. [65]
Implant-based reconstruction may be one- or two-staged. [5] In one-stage reconstruction, a permanent implant is inserted at the time of mastectomy. During two-stage reconstruction, the surgeon will insert a tissue expander underneath the pectoralis major muscle of the chest wall at the time of mastectomy.
This can be corrected by removal of serum or introduction of sterile saline. Continual breast growth will eventually result in "extreme, almost cartoonish breast sizes." [3] String implants were only available for a very short time in the US before being removed from the market by the FDA around 2001. [4]
In 1991 the trans-umbilical breast augmentation was invented and first performed by Dr. Gerald W. Johnson in Houston Texas. T.U.B.A is a technique for the implantation of saline breast implants through a small incision at the woman's navel. The trans-umbilical emplacement approach is a technical variant of the abdominal tunnel technique ...
Image taken after a capsular contracture scar tissue removal surgery, showing the removed implant and removed tissue capsule. [13] The Mentor Worldwide LLC corporation, one of the three, U.S. FDA-approved breast-implant device manufacturers, conducted a study of the medical complications suffered by breast implantation surgery patients. In ...
Poly Implant Prothèse (PIP) was a French company founded in 1991 that produced silicone gel breast implants.The company was preemptively liquidated in 2010 following the revelation that they had been illegally manufacturing and selling breast implants made from cheaper industrial-grade silicone since 2001 (instead of the mandated medical-grade silicone they had previously used).
Staging breast cancer is the initial step to help physicians determine the most appropriate course of treatment. As of 2016, guidelines incorporated biologic factors, such as tumor grade, cellular proliferation rate, estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, and gene expression profiling into the staging system.
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