Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.
In logic and mathematics, statements and are said to be logically equivalent if they have the same truth value in every model. [1] The logical equivalence of p {\displaystyle p} and q {\displaystyle q} is sometimes expressed as p ≡ q {\displaystyle p\equiv q} , p :: q {\displaystyle p::q} , E p q {\displaystyle {\textsf {E}}pq} , or p q ...
Given any fragment L, the fragment L 0,∞ is the subset of L where the lower bound of each interval is 0 or the upper bound is infinity. Similarly we denote by L 0 (respectively, L ∞) the subset of L such that the lower bound of each interval is 0 (respectively, the upper bound of each interval is ∞).
A model is given by triple (T, <, V) of a frame and a function V called a valuation that assigns to each pair (a, u) of an atomic formula and a time value some truth value. The notion " ϕ is true in a model U =( T , <, V ) at time u " is abbreviated U ⊨ ϕ [ u ].
Disjunction: the symbol appeared in Russell in 1908 [6] (compare to Peano's use of the set-theoretic notation of union); the symbol + is also used, in spite of the ambiguity coming from the fact that the + of ordinary elementary algebra is an exclusive or when interpreted logically in a two-element ring; punctually in the history a + together ...
This characterization is used to specify intervals by mean of interval notation, which is described below. An open interval does not include any endpoint, and is indicated with parentheses. [2] For example, (,) = {< <} is the interval of all real numbers greater than 0 and less than 1.
The gate can be represented with the plus sign (+) because it can be used for logical addition. [1] Equivalently, an OR gate finds the maximum between two binary digits, just as the AND gate finds the minimum. [2] Together with the AND gate and the NOT gate, the OR gate is one of three basic logic gates from which any Boolean circuit may
In fact, in 1949 Bocheński introduced a system of Polish notation that names all 16 binary connectives of classical logic which is a compatible extension of the notation of Łukasiewicz in 1929, and in which for exclusive disjunction appeared at the first time.