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Louis R. Vitullo (July 2, 1924 – January 3, 2006 [1]) was a Chicago police sergeant and chief microanalyst at the city's crime lab. [2]Vitullo helped to develop the rape kit, which standardized evidence collection in cases of sexual assault.
A rape kit or rape test kit is a package of items used by medical, police or other personnel for gathering and preserving physical evidence following an instance or allegation of sexual assault. The evidence collected from the victim can aid the criminal rape investigation and the prosecution of a suspected assailant.
Evidence packaging involves the specialized packaging methods and materials used for physical evidence. Items need to be collected at a crime scene or a fire scene, forwarded to a laboratory for forensic analysis , put in secure storage, and used in a courtroom, all while maintaining the chain of custody .
When a sample is located at a crime scene, it must be collected, processed, and transported, along with a chain of custody, to the laboratory for analysis, so that if a DNA profile is generated it can be accepted in court. Proper evidence collection and preservation is crucial to ensure evidence is not being contaminated.
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In 2023, a significant breakthrough came when a bill was passed in Maryland, acknowledging the existence and potential benefits of self-administered evidence collection kits. [11] However, Leda Health was later accused of misleading consumers and harmful marketing practices for misrepresenting the bill and marketing direct to consumers. [ 12 ]
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Forensic serology is the detection, identification, classification, and study of various bodily fluids such as blood, semen, saliva, and urine, and their relationship to a crime scene.