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  2. Red Guards - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Guards

    Red Guard leaders, led by Nie Yuanzi, also gave speeches. [1] A high school Red Guard leader, Song Binbin, placed a red armband inscribed with the characters for "Red Guard" on the chairman, who stood for six hours. [1] The 8-18 Rally, as it was known, was the first of eight receptions the Chairman gave to Red Guards in Tiananmen in the fall of ...

  3. Morning Sun (film) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morning_Sun_(film)

    Morning Sun (Chinese: 八九点钟的太阳; pinyin: Bā Jiǔ Diǎn Zhōng de Tàiyáng) is a 2003 documentary film by Carma Hinton about the Cultural Revolution in China.. The film uses archival and propaganda footage from the era as well as interviews with Red Guard participants and victims to explore the events and effects of the Cultural Revolution.

  4. Red August - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_August

    [9] [18] At the same time, Red Guards launched a nationwide campaign to destroy the "Four Olds". [1] [9] In Beijing alone, a total of 4,922 historic sites were ruined, and the Red Guards burned 2.3 million books as well as 3.3 million paintings, art objects, and pieces of furniture. [4] [10] Red Guards on Tiananmen Square of Beijing (September ...

  5. Struggle session - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struggle_session

    Struggle sessions emerged in China as a tactic to secure the allegiance of the Chinese people during the Land Reform Movement (which ended in 1953). [14] As early as the 1940s, in areas controlled by the CCP during the Chinese Civil War , the CCP encouraged peasants to "criticize" and "struggle against" land owners in order to shape class ...

  6. Song Binbin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_Binbin

    Song Binbin (Chinese: 宋彬彬; 1947 – September 16, 2024), [1] also known as Song Yaowu (Chinese: 宋要武), was a Chinese woman who, as a 19-year old, began engaging in violence that led to a role as a senior leader in the Chinese Red Guards during the call to violence by Mao Zedong that was the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. [2]

  7. Rebel Faction (Cultural Revolution) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebel_faction_(Cultural...

    Rebel groups of Red Guards marching in Shanghai, 1967. During the Cultural Revolution, a Rebel Faction (Chinese: 造反派; pinyin: Zàofǎn pài) referred to a group or a sociopolitical movement that was self-proclaimed "rebellious". Composed of workers and students, they were often the more radical wing of the Red Guards and grew around 1967 ...

  8. Li Zhensheng (photojournalist) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Zhensheng_(photojournalist)

    China analyst John Gittings welcomed Li's book in his review, noting Li was a Red Guard as well as a photographer and did not deny that he also led "struggle sessions" against innocent victims. Gittings writes that Li's photos reflect a desire to record and understand, and that it was "unique" for a simple reason: "Although the post-Mao Chinese ...

  9. Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thought_Reform_and_the...

    Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism: A Study of "Brainwashing" in China is a non-fiction book by psychiatrist Robert Jay Lifton on the psychology of brainwashing. Lifton's research for the book began in 1953 with a series of interviews with American servicemen who had been held captive during the Korean War .