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Hazael (/ ˈ h eɪ z i əl /; Biblical Hebrew: חֲזָאֵל or חֲזָהאֵל, romanized: Ḥăzāʾēl [1]) was a king of Aram-Damascus mentioned in the Bible. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Under his reign, Aram-Damascus became an empire that ruled over large parts of contemporary Syria and Israel-Samaria . [ 4 ]
It has been dated to the early 9th century BCE, on the basis of the name "Hazael" in the inscription, [2] who has been speculated to be the Biblical Hazael of Aram-Damascus. The inscription is known as KAI 232.
These writings corroborate passages from the Hebrew Bible, as the Second Book of Kings mentions that Jehoram is the son of an Israelite king, Ahab, by his Phoenician wife Jezebel. The likely candidate for having erected the stele, according to the Hebrew Bible, is Hazael, king of Aram-Damascus, whose language would have been Old Aramaic.
Some royal names are discovered in the Hebrew Bible. Kings of Aram Damascus: Hezion; Tabrimmon, son of Hezion; Ben-Hadad I, son of Tabrimmon; Ben-Hadad II or Hadadezer, mentioned in the Tel Dan Stele may be identical to biblical Ben-Hadad II. Hazael; Ben-Hadad III, son of Hazael; Rezin; Hadadezer bar Rehob, king of Zobah
In the 9th century BCE, Hazael fought against the Assyrians, had some influence over the northern Syrian state of Unqi, and conquered Israel. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] To the southwest, Aram-Damascus reached most of the Golan to the Sea of Galilee .
Aramean king Hazael of Aram-Damascus Illustration by Gustave Doré from the 1866 La Sainte Bible depicting an Israelite victory over the army of Ben-Hadad, described in 1 Kings 20:26–34. The first certain reference to the Arameans appears in an Assyrian inscription of Tiglath-Pileser I, which refers to subjugating the "Ahlamû-Arameans ...
The Book of Kings (Hebrew: סֵפֶר מְלָכִים, Sēfer Məlāḵīm) is a book in the Hebrew Bible, found as two books (1–2 Kings) in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. It concludes the Deuteronomistic history , a history of ancient Israel also including the books of Joshua , Judges , and Samuel .
The Hebrew Bible records that Hazael devastated cities in the Shephelah during the ninth century BCE, including the Philistine city of Gath. [ 3 ] [ non-primary source needed ] The similar siege and destruction in 9th century BCE of Tell es-Safi , a nearby site usually identified as Gath, has been cited by archaeologists as possible evidence of ...