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Another lemniscate, the lemniscate of Gerono or lemniscate of Huygens, is the zero set of the quartic polynomial (). [ 12 ] [ 13 ] Viviani's curve , a three-dimensional curve formed by intersecting a sphere with a cylinder, also has a figure eight shape, and has the lemniscate of Gerono as its planar projection.
In geometry, the lemniscate of Bernoulli is a plane curve defined from two given points F 1 and F 2, known as foci, at distance 2c from each other as the locus of points P so that PF 1 ·PF 2 = c 2. The curve has a shape similar to the numeral 8 and to the ∞ symbol.
The lemniscate sine (red) and lemniscate cosine (purple) applied to a real argument, in comparison with the trigonometric sine y = sin(πx/ϖ) (pale dashed red).. In mathematics, the lemniscate elliptic functions are elliptic functions related to the arc length of the lemniscate of Bernoulli.
The lemniscate of Gerono. In algebraic geometry, the lemniscate of Gerono, or lemniscate of Huygens, or figure-eight curve, is a plane algebraic curve of degree four and genus zero and is a lemniscate curve shaped like an symbol, or figure eight. It has equation + =
Lemniscate of Bernoulli. In mathematics, the lemniscate constant ϖ is a transcendental mathematical constant that is the ratio of the perimeter of Bernoulli's lemniscate to its diameter, analogous to the definition of π for the circle. [1]
The second lemniscate of the Mandelbrot set is a Cassini oval defined by the equation = {: (+) =}. Its foci are at the points c on the complex plane that have orbits where every second value of z is equal to zero, which are the values 0 and −1.
the equation of a hyperbola; since inversion is a birational transformation and the hyperbola is a rational curve, this shows the lemniscate is also a rational curve, which is to say a curve of genus zero. If we apply the transformation to the Fermat curve x n + y n = 1, where n is odd, we obtain
In mathematics, a polynomial lemniscate or polynomial level curve is a plane algebraic curve of degree 2n, constructed from a polynomial p with complex coefficients of degree n. For any such polynomial p and positive real number c , we may define a set of complex numbers by | p ( z ) | = c . {\displaystyle |p(z)|=c.}