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The Kesh temple hymn, Liturgy to Nintud, or Liturgy to Nintud on the creation of man and woman, is a Sumerian tablet, written on clay tablets as early as 2600 BCE. [1] Along with the Instructions of Shuruppak , it is the oldest surviving literature in the world.
The Zame Hymns are the oldest known collection of Mesopotamian hymns, and have been dated to Early Dynastic IIIa period. [6] More precise dating is not possible. [5]Alongside compositions from Fara discovered in 1902 and 1903, the Zame Hymns have been described by Robert D. Biggs as "testimonies of the first great flowering of Sumerian literature". [7]
The tablet is 3.4 by 2.75 by 1.2 inches (8.6 by 7.0 by 3.0 cm) at its thickest point. A larger fragment of the text was found on CBS tablet number 14152 and first published by Henry Frederick Lutz as "A hymn and incantation to Enlil" in "Selected Sumerian and Babylonian Texts", number 114 in 1919. [3]
Hymn to Shulgi (Shulgi A) Royal hymn 2: Lipit-Estar A: Royal hymn 3: Song of the hoe: Composition around the sign AL = "hoe" 4: Inana B: Hymn to Inana or Ninmesara 5: Hymn to Enlil (Enlil A) Hymn to Enlil or Enlilsurase 6: Kesh Temple Hymn: Temple hymn 7: Enki's Journey to Nippur: Narrative composition 8: Inana and Ebih: Narrative composition 9 ...
Hymns to deities in the Sumerian pantheon, such as the Hymn to Enlil, as well as Hymns dedicated to specific cities or temples, including the Zame Hymns, the Temple Hymns and the Kesh Temple Hymn Disputation poems
The earliest attested form of Šulpae's name in cuneiform is d Šul-pa-è, already found in Early Dynastic texts from Fara and Adab, though it gradually changed to d Šul-pa-è-a, which appears in some, though not all, of the Old Babylonian copies of the Kesh Temple Hymn, and most likely became the default in the first millennium BCE, though less common variants are also attested, for example ...
There is a famous Kesh temple hymn [14] about Ninhursag's temple in Kesh (hur-saĝ gal), where she is called Nintud. The goddess Nisaba appears as the temple's caretaker and decision maker. A cuneiform tablet fragment of the Kesh Temple Hymn was found at Abu Salabikh. [15] Good house, built in a good place,
Ugarit, where the Hurrian songs were found. The complete song is one of about 36 such hymns in cuneiform writing, found on fragments of clay tablets excavated in the 1950s from the Royal Palace at Ugarit (present-day Ras Shamra, Syria), [5] in a stratum dating from the fourteenth century BC, [6] but is the only one surviving in substantially complete form.