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Paper in China Earliest known extant paper fragment unearthed at Fangmatan, circa 179 BCE Hemp wrapping paper, Western Han period of China, circa 100 BCE Oldest paper book, Pi Yu Jing, composed of six different materials, circa 256 CE The world's earliest known printed book (using woodblock printing), the Diamond Sutra of 868, shows the widespread availability and practicality of paper in China.
Fort James Corporation. Headquarters. Green Bay, Wisconsin. , U.S. Fort Howard Paper Company was an American pulp and paper company based in Green Bay, Wisconsin. Its products were sold under a variety of brand names, including Envision, Fort Howard, Mardi Gras, and Soft'n Gentle. [1]
The most common diameter sizes for gramophone records are 12-inch, 10-inch, and 7-inch (300 mm, 250 mm, and 180 mm). [1] Early American shellac records were all 7-inch until 1901, when 10-inch records were introduced. 12-inch records joined them in 1903. [2] By 1910, other sizes were retired and nearly all discs were either 10-inch or 12-inch ...
Three vinyl records of different formats, from left to right: a 12 inch LP, a 10 inch LP, a 7 inch single. A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English), a vinyl record (for later varieties only), or simply a record or vinyl is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove.
The conservation and restoration of books, manuscripts, documents, and ephemera is an activity dedicated to extending the life of items of historical and personal value made primarily from paper, parchment, and leather. When applied to cultural heritage, conservation activities are generally undertaken by a conservator.
The conservation and restoration of vinyl discs refers to the preventive measures taken to defend against damage and slow degradation, and to maintain fidelity of singles, 12" singles, EP’s, and LP’s in 45 or 33⅓ rpm 10" disc recordings. Vinyl LP preservation is generally considered separate from conservation, which refers to the repair ...
Phonograph cylinders (also referred to as Edison cylinders after its creator Thomas Edison) are the earliest commercial medium for recording and reproducing sound.Commonly known simply as "records" in their heyday (c. 1896–1916), a name which has been passed on to their disc-shaped successor, these hollow cylindrical objects have an audio recording engraved on the outside surface which can ...
The EPR measure would force companies to reduce plastic packaging by 50% over 12 years. After 12 years, all packaging — plastic, glass, cardboard, paper and metal — must meet a recycling rate ...