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There are three major competing Greek sources to use for translating the New Testament: the Critical Text, the Majority Text, and the Textus Receptus.
The Critical Text is a Greek text of the New Testament that draws from a group of ancient Greek manuscripts and their variants in an attempt to preserve the most accurate wording possible. Other Greek texts besides the Critical Text used for producing English Bibles are the Majority Text and the Textus Receptus.
The Greek text as presented is what biblical scholars refer to as the "critical text". The critical text is an eclectic text compiled by a committee that compares readings from a large number of manuscripts in order to determine which reading is most likely to be closest to the original.
This updated version is called the Critical Text, and it continues to be updated and revised as new evidence is gathered. Westcott and Hort's The New Testament in the Original Greek is an example of the Critical Text from the late nineteenth century.
They also show that, for the most part, the CT is based on "Alexandrian" type Greek manuscripts and the MT is based on "Byzantine" type Greek manuscripts. For more on these text-type "families" and other terms used in this article, see the article Introduction to Textual Criticism.
The “critical text” of the Greek New Testament is the term often used (especially in King James Only literature) for the Greek text found in most modern printed editions of the Greek New Testament, such as the Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament or that of the United Bible Society.
Textual criticism[a] is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants, or different versions, of either manuscripts (mss) or of printed books.
The Critical Text refers to a Greek text of the New Testament that is based on a combination of the earliest and most accurate manuscripts available. The goal is to provide the most accurate, earliest text possible based on all available manuscripts.
The Majority Text, also known as the Byzantine and Ecclesiastical Text, is a method of determining the original reading of a Scripture by discovering what reading occurs in a majority of the manuscripts.
Critical Greek texts published by Constantin Tischendorf (1849), Karl Lachmann (1850), and Samuel P. Tregelles (1857-1872) led to the Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament (1881) of which major portions were used in the translation of the English Revised Version of 1881.