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Lacking easy access to entropy, some devices may use hard-coded keys to seed random generators, or seed random generators from easily guessed unique identifiers such as the device's MAC address. A simple study [which?] demonstrated the widespread use of weak keys by finding many embedded systems such as routers using the same keys. It was ...
The simplest such pairwise independent hash function is defined by the random key, key = (a, b), and the MAC tag for a message m is computed as tag = (am + b) mod p, where p is prime. More generally, k -independent hashing functions provide a secure message authentication code as long as the key is used less than k times for k -ways independent ...
Many ISPs register the client's MAC address for service and billing services. [3] Since MAC addresses are unique and hard-coded on network interface controller (NIC) cards, [1] when the client wants to connect a new device or change an existing one, the ISP will detect different MAC addresses and might not grant Internet access to those new devices.
MAC addresses are primarily assigned by device manufacturers, and are therefore often referred to as the burned-in address, or as an Ethernet hardware address, hardware address, or physical address. Each address can be stored in the interface hardware, such as its read-only memory , or by a firmware mechanism.
Virtual machines receive a MAC address in a range that is configurable in the hypervisor. [15] Additionally some operating systems permit the end user to customise the MAC address, notably OpenWRT. [16] Usage of the node's network card MAC address for the node ID means that a version-1 UUID can be tracked back to the computer that created it.
From this entropy pool random numbers are created. When read, the /dev/random device will only return random bytes within the estimated number of bits of noise in the entropy pool. When the entropy pool is empty, reads from /dev/random will block until additional environmental noise is gathered. [7]
In computer networking, MAC address filtering is a network access control method whereby the MAC address assigned to each network interface controller is used to determine access to the network. MAC addresses are uniquely assigned to each card, so using MAC filtering on a network permits and denies network access to specific devices through the ...
The processing keys at higher position in the tree than the given set of Device Keys are not reachable. A given set of Device Keys give access to a given set of Processing keys, it is to say to a given set of decodable MKB. This way, to revoke a given device key, the MKB needs only be encrypted with a Processing Key which is not reachable by ...