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A doula (left) applying pressure to a pregnant woman during labor. A doula (/ ˈ d uː l ə /; from Ancient Greek δούλα 'female slave'; Greek pronunciation:) is a non-medical professional who provides guidance for the service of others and who supports another person (the doula's client) through a significant health-related experience, such as childbirth, miscarriage, induced abortion or ...
The work of an abortion doula was developed through the women's health movement in the 1980s where midwifery communities are doula began providing support for childbirth. [13] According to Bustle, the first abortion doula collective was formed in New York City in 2007, as a response to how the culture viewed abortion.
Residents then sit for the three-hour oral exam at ABOG's test center, and if they pass the exam they become "board certified" OB-GYNs. [3] Since 2013 at least 82% of all Certifying Exam examinees have passed. [6] This adds up to 11–14 years of education and practical experience. The first 7–9 years are general medical training.
A birth attendant, who may be a midwife, physician, obstetrician, or nurse, is trained to be present at ("attend") childbirth, whether the delivery takes place in a health care institution or at home, to recognize and respond appropriately to medical complications, and to implement interventions to help prevent them in the first place ...
Dana Louise Raphael was born in New Britain, Connecticut, on January 5, 1926, the daughter of Louis Raphael, who owned a department store chain, and the former Naomi Kaplan. [1] Raphael received her bachelor's degree and Ph.D. in anthropology from Columbia University in New York City , which was supervised by Margaret Mead .
Obstetrics is the field of study concentrated on pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. [1] As a medical specialty , obstetrics is combined with gynecology under the discipline known as obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN), which is a surgical field.
A vaginal delivery is the birth of offspring in mammals (babies in humans) through the vagina (also called the "birth canal"). [1] It is the most common method of childbirth worldwide. [ 2 ] It is considered the preferred method of delivery, as it is correlated with lower morbidity and mortality than caesarean sections (C-sections), [ 3 ...
To certify as a doula, an in-person, virtual, or hybrid workshop is mandatory, along with supplementary text reading, lactation training and childbirth education, and clients experience. [11] The workshop is taught by approved trainers who are able to the required coursework which includes emotional support, physical support or comfort measures ...