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The red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus) is a small, hardy woodland salamander species in the family Plethodontidae. It is also known as the redback salamander , [ 3 ] eastern red-backed salamander , [ 3 ] or the northern red-backed salamander to distinguish it from the southern red-backed salamander ( Plethodon serratus ).
Plethodon is a genus of salamanders in the family Plethodontidae. They are commonly known as woodland salamanders. [2] All members of the genus are endemic to North America (Canada and the United States). [2] They have no aquatic larval stage. In some species, such as the red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus). [3] Young hatch in the adult ...
The Big Levels salamander is a small salamander of the genus Plethodon within the Plethodon cinereus group (the red-backed salamander and closely related species). Physically, it is most similar to P. cinereus and P. serratus, which have gray and white (sometimes yellow) coloring on the underside of the body.
Plethodontidae, or lungless salamanders, are a family of salamanders. [1] [2] With over 500 species, lungless salamanders are by far the largest family of salamanders in terms of their diversity.
"Geographic protein variation and speciation in the salamanders of the Plethodon cinereus group with the description of two new species". Herpetologica 55 (1): 43–90. (Plethodon electromorphus, new species).
In addition, yellow-spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum), red back salamanders (Plethodon cinereus), and eastern newts (Notophthalmus viridescens) are recorded as common breeders. The blue-spotted salamander ( Ambystoma laterale ) and northern leopard frog ( Rana pipiens ) are uncommon, but likely are breeders on the refuge.
In the early 1950s, the P. cinereus group of small Plethodon species was made up of only three species: the southern ravine salamander (P. richmondi), the Cheat Mountain salamander (P. nettingi), and the eastern red-backed salamander (P. cinereus). [6] Numerous other members of the genus have since been described, including the Peaks of Otter ...
Like most woodland salamanders, the Shenandoah salamander eats mites, flies, small beetles, springtails, and other soil invertebrates. [9] No direct observation of predation of the Shenandoah salamander has ever been reported, but potential predators residing within the habitat of the Shenandoah salamander include ring-necked snakes, short-tailed shrews, brown thrashers, and towhees. [10]