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Iambic pentameter (/ aɪ ˌ æ m b ɪ k p ɛ n ˈ t æ m ɪ t ər / eye-AM-bik pen-TAM-it-ər) is a type of metric line used in traditional English poetry and verse drama.The term describes the rhythm, or meter, established by the words in each line.
The basic structure is much like iambic trimeter, except that the last cretic is made heavy by the insertion of a longum instead of a breve. Also, the third anceps of the iambic trimeter line must be short in limping iambs. In other words, the line scans as follows (where — is a long syllable, ⏑ is a short syllable, and × is an anceps):
Versus Galliambicus (), or the Galliambic Verse (English), is a verse built from two anacreontic cola, the second one catalectic (i.e., lacking its final syllable). [1] The metre typically has resolution in the last metron, and often elsewhere, leading to a run of short syllables at the end.
A line in which accents fall consistently on even-numbered syllables ("Al còr gentìl rempàira sèmpre amóre") is called iambic (giambico) and may be a greater or lesser hendecasyllable. This line is the simplest, commonest and most musical but may become repetitive, especially in longer works.
Donne uses an inversion (DUM da instead of da DUM) in the first foot of the first line to stress the key verb, "batter", and then sets up a clear iambic pattern with the rest of the line Shakespeare's Hamlet includes a well-known example: To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
Runs of glyconic lines are often ended by a pherecratean (a catalectic glyconic): x x – u u – – The acephalous ("headless") version (^gl), also known as the telesillean (Latin: telesilleus), is: x – u u – u – The glyconic can also be expanded into the lesser and greater asclepiad lines: [2] x x – u u – – u u – u –
Related to iambic heptameter is the more common ballad verse (also called common metre), in which a line of iambic tetrameter is succeeded by a line of iambic trimeter, usually in quatrain form. Samuel Taylor Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner is a classic example of this form. The reverse of an iamb is called a trochee.
Sonnet 60 is an English or Shakespearean sonnet.The Shakespearean sonnet contains three quatrains followed by a final rhyming couplet.It follows the form's typical rhyme, abab cdcd efef gg and is written a type of poetic metre called iambic pentameter based on five pairs of metrically weak/strong syllabic positions.