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Spoiled votes may or may not be protest votes, but are often kept aside for challenges, further examination, or disposal. A protest vote (also called a blank, null, spoiled, or "none of the above" vote) [1] is a vote cast in an election to demonstrate dissatisfaction with the choice of candidates or the current political system. [2]
A refused ballot, or similar alternative, is a choice available to voters in many elections. This is an alternative for many people to casting a disparaging spoiled ballot, which is not counted separately from ballots which have been accidentally spoiled.
In social choice theory and politics, a spoiler effect happens when a losing candidate affects the results of an election simply by participating. [1] [2] Voting rules that are not affected by spoilers are said to be spoilerproof.
In the United States, cancelled physical ballots may be called "spoiled ballots", [3] as distinct from an "invalid vote" which has been cast. In Canada, a spoiled ballot is one that has been handled by an elector in such a manner that it is ruined beyond use, or that the deputy returning officer finds soiled or improperly printed. The spoilt ...
The bad apples metaphor originated as a warning of the corrupting influence of one corrupt or sinful person on a group: that "one bad apple can spoil the barrel". Over time the concept has been used to describe the opposite situation, where "a few bad apples" should not be seen as representative of the rest of their group.
Principal is an adjective meaning "main" (though it can also be a noun meaning the head of a college or similar institution). Principle is a noun meaning a fundamental belief or rule of action. Standard: The principal achievement of the nineteenth century is the rise of industry. Standard: He got sent to the principal's office for talking ...
The California cities of Oakland, San Francisco and San Leandro in 2010 provide an example; there were a total of four elections in which the plurality-voting leader in first-choice rankings was defeated, and in each case the instant-runoff voting winner was the Condorcet winner, including a San Francisco election in which the instant-runoff ...
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