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Management of tuberculosis refers to techniques and procedures utilized for treating tuberculosis (TB), or simply a treatment plan for TB.. The medical standard for active TB is a short course treatment involving a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin (also known as Rifampin), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for the first two months.
Specifically, it is used to treat multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis along with other medications for tuberculosis. [1] [8] [9] It is taken by mouth. [3] Common side effects include nausea, joint pains, headaches, and chest pain. [1] Serious side effects include QT prolongation, liver dysfunction, and an increased risk of death. [1]
Ethionamide is an antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis. [2] Specifically it is used, along with other antituberculosis medications, to treat active multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. [2] It is no longer recommended for leprosy. [3] [2] It is taken by mouth. [2] Ethionamide has a high rate of side effects. [4]
Its potency is less than that of the current five first-line drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and streptomycin) for treating tuberculosis and its cost is higher, but it is still useful in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. [8] PAS is always used in combination with other anti-TB drugs. [citation needed]
For active tuberculosis, it is often used with rifampicin, isoniazid, and either streptomycin or ethambutol. [3] It is not generally recommended for the treatment of latent tuberculosis. [2] It is taken by mouth. [1] Common side effects include nausea, loss of appetite, muscle and joint pains, and rash.
Totally drug-resistant TB is resistant to all currently used drugs. [156] It was first observed in 2003 in Italy, [157] but not widely reported until 2012, [156] [158] and has also been found in Iran and India. [159] There is some efficacy for linezolid to treat those with XDR-TB but side effects and discontinuation of medications were common ...
Side effects are those of the underlying medications. [1] These may include poor coordination, loss of appetite, nausea, joint pain, feeling tired, and numbness. [2] Severe side effects include liver problems. [3] Use in those under the age of 15 may not be appropriate. [3] It is unclear if use in pregnancy is safe for the baby. [3]
Streptomycin is an antibiotic medication used to treat a number of bacterial infections, [3] including tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, endocarditis, brucellosis, Burkholderia infection, plague, tularemia, and rat bite fever. [3] For active tuberculosis it is often given together with isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide. [4]