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The Kempeitai (Japanese: 憲兵隊, Hepburn: Kenpeitai, or Gendarmerie), law soldiers, was the military police of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). The organization also shared civilian secret police that specialized clandestine and covert operation, counterinsurgency, counterintelligence, HUMINT, interrogate suspects who may be allied soldiers, spies or resistance movement, maintain security ...
Thus, for example, a captain in the navy shared the same rank designation as that of a colonel in the army: Taisa (colonel), so the rank of Rikugun Taisa denoted an army colonel, while the rank of Kaigun daisa denoted a naval captain.
Troops supplemented the Kempeitai and were considered part of the organization but were forbidden by law to rise above the rank of Shocho (Sergeant Major). According to United States Army 's TM-E 30-480 Handbook On Japanese Military Forces , there were over 36,000 regular members of the Kempeitai at the end of the war; this did not include the ...
The vague wording of the 1925 Peace Preservation Law gave all police organizations wide scope for interpretation of what constituted "criminal activity", and under the guise of "maintenance of order", the police exercised broad powers of surveillance and arrest. Lack of accountability and a tradition of "guilty until proven innocent" led to ...
It later saw action in the Battles of Malaya and Singapore with Tomoyuki Yamashita's 25th Army. In May 1943, all designated Imperial Guard units were renamed again. The Mixed Guards Brigade in Tokyo became the 1st Guards Division (which now consisted of the 1st, 2nd, 6th Guard Regiments) and the Imperial Guard Division became the 2nd Guards ...
The Kempeitai was formed as a semi-autonomous unit on 4 January 1881 by order of the Meiji Council of State. [2] Its brief covered military discipline, law and order, intelligence and subversion as well as policing thoughts in the civilian population. [3] Their political influence increased when Hideki Tojo became the Vice-Minister of War in ...
Army ranks Navy ranks The Imperial Japanese Armed Forces ( IJAF , full Japanese: 帝国陸海軍 , romanized: Teikoku riku-kaigun or Nippon-gun ( 日本軍 ) for short, meaning "Japanese Forces") were the unified forces of the Empire of Japan .
Note: The given rank for each person is the rank the person held at last, not the rank the person held at the time of their post as Chief of the Army General Staff. For example, the rank of Field Marshal existed only in 1872/73 and from 1898 onward.