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The fauna of Indonesia is characterised by high levels of biodiversity and endemicity due to its distribution over a vast tropical archipelago. [1] Indonesia divides into two ecological regions; western Indonesia which is more influenced by Asian fauna, and the east which is more influenced by Australasian species.
This conservation scheme was designed to benefit those local communities which neighbour Indonesian forestry and to help the most endangered species living in these threatened habitats. Prior to 2015, it was named Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation ( Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan Hutan dan Konservasi Alam - PHKA ).
Species name Family Vernacular name Other name Year found Aglaia ceramica: Meliaceae: Amorphophallus titanum: Araceae: Anaphalis javanica: Asteraceae: Aralia javanica
A melting pot of Indonesian flora in Cibodas botanical garden, Indonesia. The flora consists of many unique varieties of tropical plants. Blessed with a tropical climate and roughly 17,000 islands, Indonesia is the nation with the second highest biodiversity in the world.
Indonesia is a country with vast amount of freshwater fish species; it is the country with the third-largest number of freshwater fish species in the world, with a total of 1155 species. And about 440 species are endemic to Indonesia. This makes Indonesia as the 4th country with the largest endemic freshwater fish species, with Brazil (1716 ...
Protected areas of Indonesia comprise both terrestrial and marine environments in any of the six IUCN Protected Area categories. There are over 500 protected areas in Indonesia, of which 54 National Parks cover 16.4 million ha, and another 527 nature and game reserves cover a further 28.3 million ha. [ 1 ]
Indonesia has more endemic birds than any other country. Indonesia's size, tropical climate, and archipelagic geography, support the world's second highest level of biodiversity (after Brazil). [1] Most endemic birds are in the Wallacea region of eastern Indonesia. Sulawesi supports twelve endemic bird genera.
Indonesia's tropical forests and peatlands are of national and global ecological, climatic and socioeconomic importance. [7] Researchers have recognised the importance of Indonesian conservation in climate change mitigation , given it possesses the largest coverage of mangrove forests of any country, which act as a carbon sink .