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Shigellosis, known historically as dysentery, is an infection of the intestines caused by Shigella bacteria. [1] [3] Symptoms generally start one to two days after exposure and include diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, and feeling the need to pass stools even when the bowels are empty. [1] The diarrhea may be bloody. [1]
Dysentery may also be caused by shigellosis, an infection by bacteria of the genus Shigella, and is then known as bacillary dysentery (or Marlow syndrome). The term bacillary dysentery etymologically might seem to refer to any dysentery caused by any bacilliform bacteria, but its meaning is restricted by convention to Shigella dysentery.
Bacillary dysentery is a type of dysentery, and is a severe form of shigellosis. It is associated with species of bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae . [ 1 ] The term is usually restricted to Shigella infections.
Occasionally dysentery may occur. [5] Most travelers recover within three to four days with little or no treatment. [3] About 12% of people may have symptoms for a week. [3] Bacteria are responsible for more than half of cases, [3] typically via foodborne illness and waterborne diseases.
The most commonly observed signs associated with Shigella dysentery include colitis, malnutrition, rectal prolapse, tenesmus, reactive arthritis, and central nervous system problems. Further, S. dysenteriae is associated with the development of hemolytic-uremic syndrome, which includes anemia, thrombocytopenia, and kidney failure.
Symptoms of intestinal infection usually begin between 8 and 52 hours after you have been infected with E.coli, [2] this is the incubation period. The incubation period is the time between catching an infection and symptoms appearing. [12] Symptoms: abdominal cramping, pain or tenderness; watery or mucoidy diarrhea; nausea and vomiting, in some ...
Diagnosis is by stool culture or testing for the bacteria's DNA or toxins. [1] If a person tests positive but has no symptoms, the condition is known as C. difficile colonization rather than an infection. [1] Prevention efforts include terminal room cleaning in hospitals, limiting antibiotic use, and handwashing campaigns in hospitals. [2]
Infants and toddlers, the elderly, and people living with chronic health conditions are all susceptible to the most severe symptoms of S. sonnei disease. Shigellosis is commonly suffered by individuals with advanced HIV disease, as well as men who have sex with men, regardless of their HIV status.