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The carina is a cartilaginous ridge separating the left and right main bronchi that is formed by the inferior-ward and posterior-ward prolongation of the inferior-most tracheal cartilage. [2] The carina occurs at the lower end of the trachea - usually at the level of the 4th to 5th thoracic vertebra.
The trachea begins at the lower edge of the cricoid cartilage of the larynx [3] at the level of sixth cervical vertebra (C6) [2] and ends at the carina, the point where the trachea branches into left and right main bronchi., [2] at the level of the fourth thoracic vertebra (T4), [2] although its position may change with breathing. [3]
The opening of the larynx has a special flap of cartilage, the epiglottis, that opens to allow air to pass through but closes to prevent food from moving into the airway. From the larynx, air moves into the trachea and down to the intersection known as the carina that branches to form the right and left primary (main) bronchi.
of or pertaining to the mouth Latin ōs, ōris, mouth oral-or: one who, agent noun–forming suffix generally appended where Latin would do it—to the root of a Latin-type perfect passive participle. Cf. -er: doctor orchi(o)-, orchid(o)-, orch(o)-testis: Greek ὄρχις (órkhis), testicle, ovary orchiectomy, orchidectomy: orth(o)-
The sternal angle is used in the definition of the thoracic plane. [citation needed] The angle also marks the level of a number of features: Boundary between the superior and inferior portion of the mediastinum [citation needed] Passage of the thoracic duct from right to left behind esophagus [citation needed] Tracheal bifurcation.
This typically clears particles from the bronchi and trachea, the tubes that feed air to lung tissue from the nose and mouth. [1] The larynx (voice box) and carina (at the bottom of the trachea, as it splits into bronchi) are especially sensitive.
The carina of the trachea is located at the level of the sternal angle and the fifth thoracic vertebra (at rest). The right main bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left main bronchus, [ 3 ] its mean length is 1.09 cm. [ 4 ] It enters the root of the right lung at approximately the fifth thoracic vertebra.
Four anatomic features must be present for orotracheal intubation to be straightforward: adequate mouth opening (full range of motion of the temporomandibular joint), sufficient pharyngeal space (determined by examining the back of the mouth), sufficient submandibular space (distance between the thyroid cartilage and the chin, the space into ...