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The politics of Turkmenistan nominally takes place in the framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Turkmenistan is nominally both head of state and head of government. However, as of 21 January 2023 a "national leader" was appointed who chairs an independent People's Council ( viz. ) with authority to amend the ...
Turkmenistan elects on national level a head of state — the president — and a legislature. The elections in Turkmenistan since its split from the Soviet Union have been widely criticized for being neither free nor fair and attempting to give an appearance of legitimacy to what is in reality a dictatorship. [1]
The name of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistan) can be divided into two components: the ethnonym Türkmen and the Persian suffix -stan meaning "place of" or "country".The name "Turkmen" comes from Turk, plus the Sogdian suffix -men, meaning "almost Turk", in reference to their status outside the Turkic dynastic mythological system.
In the mid-20th century, centre-left politics supported state-led development and industrialization in the region, which allowed redistributive and socially inclusive policies to be implemented. In East Asia, interventionism and developmental policy were adopted by right-wing parties rather than centre-left parties. [90]
The Democratic Party of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Demokratik Partiýasy, Turkmen pronunciation: [tʏɾkmønʏθːɑnɯŋ dɛmokɾɑtɪk pɑɾtɪjɑθɯ], TDP) is a political party in Turkmenistan founded in 1991. It has been the ruling party of the country since its foundation.
Unitary presidential constitutional republic under conjugal military dictatorship: Asia: Republic of Rwanda [101] 1973: 1994: Juvénal Habyarimana: National Revolutionary Movement for Development: Hutu supremacy Anti-Communism Ultranationalism Social Conservatism Right-wing populism Tropical Fascism Unitary one-party presidential republic under ...
No prior elections in Turkmenistan have been free and fair and the 2022 elections took place in an authoritarian context. [5] [6] [7] The country has been described as a totalitarian dictatorship under the rule of Saparmurat Niyazov and Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow. [8]
Turkmenistan has the second-largest oil reserves in the former Soviet Union, generating high revenue for the state. The government has used central planning, such as state control of production and procurement, direct bank credits with low interest rates, exchange rate restrictions, and price controls, since it existed as a Republic within the ...