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The Kingdom of Pergamon, Pergamene Kingdom, or Attalid kingdom was a Greek state during the Hellenistic period that ruled much of the Western part of Asia Minor from its capital city of Pergamon. It was ruled by the Attalid dynasty (/ ˈ æ t əl ɪ d /; Greek: Δυναστεία των Ατταλιδών, romanized: Dynasteía ton Attalidón).
Pergamon was also a flourishing center for the production of parchment, whose name is a corruption of pergamenos, meaning "from Pergamon". Despite this etymology, parchment had been used in Asia Minor long before the rise of the city; the story that it was invented by the Pergamenes, to circumvent the Ptolemies ' monopoly on papyrus production ...
Attalus I (Ancient Greek: Ἄτταλος ' Attalos '), surnamed Soter (Greek: Σωτήρ, ' Savior '; 269–197 BC), [2] was the ruler of the Greek polis of Pergamon (modern-day Bergama, Turkey) and the larger Pergamene Kingdom from 241 BC to 197 BC.
The Attalid kingdom (colored olive) shown at its greatest extent in 188 BCE View of the Acropolis of ancient Pergamon, drawn by 19th-century German archaeologists. Founded sometime during the 3rd century BCE, during the Hellenistic Age, Pergamum or Pergamon was an important ancient Greek city, located in Anatolia.
Pergamus (or Pergamos) is also the name of the citadel of Troy in Homer's Iliad. The King James Version of the Bible uses the name "Pergamos" in Revelation 2:12 for the seat of one of the seven churches of Asia, a city that modern translations call Pergamum or Pergamon.
Philetaerus served Lysimachus until 282 BC, when, perhaps because of conflicts involving the court intrigues of Arsinoë, Lysimachus' third wife, Philetaerus deserted Lysimachus, offering himself and the important fortress of Pergamon, along with its treasury, to Seleucus, [6] who subsequently defeated and killed Lysimachus [7] at the Battle of Corupedium in 281 BC.
The precise limits of Mysia are difficult to assign. The Phrygian frontier was fluctuating, while in the northwest the Troad was only sometimes included in Mysia. [1] The northern portion was known as "Lesser Phrygia" or (Ancient Greek: μικρὰ Φρυγία, romanized: mikra Phrygia; Latin: Phrygia Minor), while the southern was called "Greater Phrygia" or "Pergamene Phrygia".
Attalus II Philadelphus (Greek: Ἄτταλος ὁ Φιλάδελφος, Attalos II Philadelphos, which means "Attalus the brother-loving"; 220–138 BC) was a ruler of the Attalid kingdom of Pergamon and the founder of the city of Attalia. Attalos II statue in Antalya