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Self-stimulatory behavior, also known as "stimming" [1] and self-stimulation, [2] is the repetition of physical movements, sounds, words, moving objects, or other behaviors. Stimming is a type of restricted and repetitive behavior (RRB). [3] Such behaviors (also scientifically known as "stereotypies") are found to some degree in all people, but ...
Gratification disorder is a rare and often misdiagnosed form of masturbatory behavior, or the behavior of stimulating of one's own genitals, seen predominantly in infants and toddlers. [1] Most pediatricians agree that masturbation is both normal and common behavior in children at some point in their childhood.
Stereotyped movements are common in infants and young children; if the child is not distressed by movements and daily activities are not impaired, diagnosis is not warranted. [1] When stereotyped behaviors cause significant impairment in functioning, an evaluation for stereotypic movement disorder is warranted.
Stimming has many forms, some quite adaptive and others maladaptive (for example, excessive hand-wringing can injure joints, and excessive rubbing or scratching of skin can injure it). Another form of self-treatment that arises not uncommonly is self-medication , which unfortunately can lead to substance use disorders such as alcohol use disorder .
Intensive, sustained special education programs and behavior therapy early in life may help children acquire self-care, language, and job skills. [306] Although evidence-based interventions for autistic children vary in their methods, many adopt a psychoeducational approach to enhancing cognitive, communication, and social skills while ...
Frontotemporal dementia is also a common neurological cause of repetitive behaviors and stereotypies. [5] [6] A number of causes have been hypothesized for stereotypy, and several treatment options are available. [7] Stereotypy is sometimes called stimming in autism, under the hypothesis that it self-stimulates one or more senses. [8]
Tics must be distinguished from movements of disorders such as chorea, dystonia and myoclonus; the compulsions of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and seizure activity; [6] and movements exhibited in stereotypic movement disorder or among autistic people (also known as stimming). [7] [8] [9]
Certain stimming behaviors and stress responses in individuals with autism spectrum disorders can present similarly to catatonia. In autism spectrum disorders, chronic catatonia is distinguished by a lasting deterioration of adaptive skills from the background of pre-existing autistic symptomatology that cannot be easily explained.