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The glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) is responsible for motor (SVE) innervation of the stylopharyngeus and the pharyngeal constrictor muscles by the nucleus ambiguus. Inferior salivary nucleus fibers travel with cranial nerve IX to provide general visceral efferent (GVE) innervation to parotid, buccal and labial glands.
The 9th (glossopharyngeal) and 10th (vagus) cranial nerves are usually evaluated together. Whether the palate elevates symmetrically when the patient says "ah" is noted. If one side is paretic, the uvula is lifted away from the paretic side.
The glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) supplies organs, muscles and other structures in your mouth and throat. It helps you taste food and sense pain in your throat. CN IX can become damaged due to cancer, complications from medical procedures and more.
One of the ways to test the functionality of the glossopharyngeal nerve is to test the patient’s gag reflex. Since the glossopharyngeal nerve innervates the mucosa of the pharynx, and at the same time, it creates numerous anastomosis with the vagus nerve (dominant for the gastrointestinal functions), the slight stimulation of the posterior ...
Cranial Nerve IX – Glossopharyngeal. Ask the patient to open their mouth and say “Ah” and note symmetry of the upper palate. The uvula and tongue should be in a midline position and the uvula should rise symmetrically when the patient says “Ah.” (see Figure \(\PageIndex{12}\) [14]). Figure \(\PageIndex{12}\): Assessing ...
Glossopharyngeal nerve lesions produce difficulty swallowing; impairment of taste over the posterior one-third of the tongue and palate; impaired sensation over the posterior one-third of the tongue, palate, and pharynx; an absent gag reflex; and dysfunction of the parotid gland.
Examination of the cranial nerves is an integral and important part of a complete neurological examination. Historically, these skills were crucial for diagnosing specific lesions. This made diagnostic medicine an art of “probability” and treatment during those early years “a science of uncertainty.”
Perform a brief general inspection of the patient, looking for clinical signs suggestive of underlying pathology: Speech abnormalities: may indicate glossopharyngeal or vagus nerve pathology. Facial asymmetry: suggestive of facial nerve palsy. Eyelid abnormalities: ptosis may indicate oculomotor nerve pathology.
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is characterized by oropharyngeal pain triggered by mandibular actions, mainly swallowing but also chewing, coughing, and yawning. It is a sporadic condition related to hyperactivity of cranial nerve IX. [5] .
In this abbreviated exam we will test only reflex response for direct and concentric reflex to bright light. This is done by shining a pen torch into one eye and check that the pupils on both sides constrict. This should be tested on both sides.