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Although nearly 100% sulfuric acid solutions can be made, the subsequent loss of SO 3 at the boiling point brings the concentration to 98.3% acid. The 98.3% grade, which is more stable in storage, is the usual form of what is described as "concentrated sulfuric acid".
Sulfuric Acid | H2SO4 or H2O4S | CID 1118 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more.
In addition to being an oxidizing agent, reacting readily at high temperatures with many metals, carbon, sulfur, and other substances, concentrated sulfuric acid is also a strong dehydrating agent, combining violently with water; in this capacity, it chars many organic materials, such as wood, paper, or sugar, leaving a carbonaceous residue.
Because the hydration of sulfuric acid is thermodynamically favorable (and is highly exothermic) and the affinity of it for water is sufficiently strong, sulfuric acid is an excellent dehydrating agent.
Sulfuric acid is a strong mineral acid, that is commonly used in organic synthesis as a reagent, catalyst, and solvent. It is also useful to perform several functions, including dehydration, sulfonation, and nitration.
An explosion occurred when concentrated sulfuric acid was mixed with crystalline potassium permanganate in a vessel containing moisture. Manganese heptoxide was formed, which explodes at 70°C [Delhez 1967].
The dual nature of sulfuric acid, as a strong acid and a dehydrating agent, contributes to its broad utility. These chemical properties are what enable it to function in contexts ranging from the synthesis of pharmaceuticals to the processing of petroleum products.
Concentrated sulfuric acid is a weak acid (see acids and bases) and a poor electrolyte because relatively little of it is dissociated into ions at room temperature. When cold it does not react readily with such common metals as iron or copper.
Value derived from partial pressure of H 2 SO 4 over a concentrated solution. This can only be considered an order-of-magnitude approximation. The solubility at lower aqueous-phase concentrations should be larger. 5.×10 +14 : M: N/A: Value derived from partial pressure of H 2 SO 4 over a concentrated solution. This can only be considered an ...
Concentrated sulfuric acid is a highly corrosive liquid that can cause severe, deep burns upon skin contact. The concentrated acid destroys tissue because of its dehydrating action, while dilute H 2 SO 4 acts as a skin irritant because of its acid character.