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The legal validity of this excommunication has been questioned as it was issued by legates of Pope Leo IX after the Pope's death. It was declared lifted on 7 December 1965. [38] Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor was excommunicated 4 times in the 11th century (and would later be excommunicated a fifth time in the 12th century).
Excommunication is an ecclesiastical penalty placed on a person to encourage the person to return to the communion of the church. An excommunicated person cannot receive any sacraments or exercise an office within the church until the excommunication is lifted by a valid authority in the church (usually a bishop). Previously, other penalties ...
Only a few dozen cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church have been excommunicated by the Catholic Church. A cardinal is a Roman Catholic priest, deacon, or bishop entitled to vote in a papal election. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals.
b) That those excommunicated with a partial excommunication are members of the Church is a common opinion among Theologians. Salaverri and Nicolau's opinion is that only those which have been excommunicated by a "total, formal and perfect excommunication" can be said to be outside of the Catholic Church. [13]
Throughout the campaign, Tropeano and Benavidez have been engaging delegates in conversation and asking them to prayerfully consider adding women's ordination into the study, work Tropeano ...
For instance, a priest may not refuse Communion publicly to those who are under an automatic excommunication, as long as it has not been officially declared to have been incurred by them, even if the priest knows that they have incurred it—although if the person's offence was a "manifest grave sin", then the priest is obliged to refuse their ...
Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò, a former papal ambassador to the US who became an ultra-conservative critic of Pope Francis, has been excommunicated for schism.
But my grandma reminds him all the time since they were excommunicated from the church. ... Most people called b*****t, including myself, until I met someone that knew his name: William Laga ...