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Copiers can also use other technologies, such as inkjet, but xerography is standard for office copying. Commercial xerographic office photocopying [1] gradually replaced copies made by verifax, photostat, carbon paper, mimeograph machines, and other duplicating machines. Photocopying is widely used in the business, education, and government ...
Successive paper sizes in the series (A1, A2, A3, etc.) are defined by halving the area of the preceding paper size and rounding down, so that the long side of A(n + 1) is the same length as the short side of An. Hence, each next size is nearly exactly half the area of the prior size. So, an A1 page can fit two A2 pages inside the same area.
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Xerox was founded in 1906 in Rochester, New York, as the Haloid Photographic Company. [11] It manufactured photographic paper and equipment. In 1938, Chester Carlson, a physicist working independently, invented a process for printing images using an electrically charged photoconductor-coated metal plate [12] and dry powder "toner".
B1 is between A0 and A1 in size, with an area of m 2, or about 0.707 m 2. As a result, B0 is 1 metre wide, and other sizes of the series are a half, a quarter, or further fractions of a metre wide: in general, every B size has exactly one side of length 1 m 2 n {\displaystyle {\frac {1\operatorname {m} }{2^{n}}}} for n ∈ N {\displaystyle n\in ...
Although mimeographs remain more economical and energy-efficient in mid-range quantities, easier-to-use photocopying and offset printing have replaced mimeography almost entirely in developed countries. [citation needed] Mimeography continues to be used in some developing countries because it is a simple, cheap, and robust technology. Many ...
Methods of copying handwritten letters Manifold stylographic writer, using early "carbonic paper" Letter copying book process; Mechanical processes Tracing to make accurate hand-drawn copies; Pantograph, manual device for making drawn copies without tracing, can also enlarge or reduce; Printmaking, which includes engraving and etching
The ISO character set (font) has a seriffed one, a barred seven, an open four, six, and nine, and a round topped three, that improves legibility when, for example, an A0 drawing has been reduced to A1 or even A3 (and perhaps enlarged back or reproduced/faxed/ microfilmed &c). When CAD drawings became more popular, especially using US software ...