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  2. Hyponatremia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyponatremia

    The causes of and treatments for hyponatremia can only be understood by having a grasp of the size of the body fluid compartments and subcompartments and their regulation; how under normal circumstances the body is able to maintain the sodium concentration within a narrow range (homeostasis of body fluid osmolality); conditions can cause that ...

  3. Electrolyte imbalance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolyte_imbalance

    Symptoms of hypernatremia may vary depending on type and how quickly the electrolyte disturbance developed. [27] Common symptoms are dehydration, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, weakness, increased thirst, and excess urination. Patients may be on medications that caused the imbalance such as diuretics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. [27]

  4. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11β-hydroxylase deficiency

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_adrenal...

    Many also involve excessive or defective production of mineralocorticoids, which can cause hypertension or salt wasting, respectively. The most common type of CAH is due to deficiency of 21-hydroxylase . 11β-Hydroxylase deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasia is one of the less common types of CAH due to deficiencies of other proteins and ...

  5. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_adrenal_hyperplasia

    Boys with salt-wasting disease present early with symptoms of hyponatremia and hypovolemia. Boys with non-salt-wasting disease present later with signs of virilization. [24] In rarer forms of CAH, males are undermasculinized [27] and females generally have no signs or symptoms at birth. [medical citation needed]

  6. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_adrenal...

    Severe 21-hydroxylase deficiency causes salt-wasting CAH: The most common cause of ambiguous genitalia due to prenatal virilization of genetically female (XX) infants. Life-threatening vomiting and dehydration occurring within the first few weeks of life. Aldosterone and cortisol levels are both reduced.

  7. Tea and toast syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea_and_toast_syndrome

    Tea and toast syndrome is a form of malnutrition commonly experienced by elderly people who cannot prepare meals and tend to themselves. The term is not intrinsic to tea or bread products only; rather, it describes limited dietary patterns that lead to reduced calories resulting in a deficiency of vitamins and other nutrients.

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  9. Adrenal insufficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_insufficiency

    This can cause hypotension (in severe cases, shock), dizziness (from orthostatic hypotension), dehydration, and salt craving. Differently from mineralocorticoid deficiency, glucocorticoid deficiency does not cause a negative sodium balance (in fact a positive sodium balance may occur).