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Therefore, some studies have shown that the condition is harder to cure if the cancer has spread to the liver or brain or β-hCG level is higher than 40,000 mIU/mL when treatment begins, cancer returns after having chemotherapy or symptoms/ pregnancy occurred for more than 4 months before treatment.
A placental site trophoblastic tumor is a monophasic neoplasm of the implantation site intermediate trophoblast, and usually a benign lesion, which comprises less than 2% of all gestational trophoblastic proliferations. Preceding conditions include molar pregnancy (5%).
Only a few women with GTD have poor prognosis metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease. Their treatment usually includes chemotherapy. Radiotherapy can also be given to places where the cancer has spread, e.g. the brain. [31] Women who undergo chemotherapy are advised not to conceive for one year after completion of treatment.
In response to the irresponsible trophoblast's properties, Beard advocated the use of pancreatic enzymes to treat cancer. In its normal function, the trophoblast supplies nourishment to the embryo. In Beard's mind, the "initiation of pancreatic enzyme production by the fetus might be responsible for the regression of trophoblastic tissue in the ...
5T4 is an antigen expressed in a number of carcinomas. [7] It is an N-glycosylated transmembrane 72 kDa glycoprotein containing eight leucine-rich repeats. [6] 5T4 is often referred to as an oncofetal antigen due to its expression in foetal trophoblast (where it was first discovered) or trophoblast glycoprotein (TPBG).
Gestational choriocarcinoma is a form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, which is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), that can occur during pregnancy.It is a rare disease where the trophoblast, a layer of cells surrounding the blastocyst, undergoes abnormal developments, leading to trophoblastic tumors.
The trophoblast (from Greek trephein: to feed; and blastos: germinator) is the outer layer of cells of the blastocyst. Trophoblasts are present four days after fertilization in humans. [ 1 ] They provide nutrients to the embryo and develop into a large part of the placenta .
The most common course of treatment of DNT is surgery. About 70-90% of surgery are successful in removing the tumour. [ 4 ] Since the tumour is most often benign, and does not impose immediate threat, aggressive treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation are not needed, and therefore patients especially children and young adults do not have ...