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Serpentine subgroup (part of the kaolinite-serpentine group in the category of phyllosilicates) [1] are greenish, brownish, or spotted minerals commonly found in serpentinite. They are used as a source of magnesium and asbestos , and as decorative stone. [ 5 ]
Serpentine group minerals have a Mohs hardness of 2.5 to 3.5, so serpentinite is easily carved. [26] Grades of serpentinite higher in calcite , along with the verd antique ( breccia form of serpentinite), have historically been used as decorative stones for their marble-like qualities.
Serpentinization is a hydration and metamorphic transformation of ferromagnesian minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene, in mafic and ultramafic rock to produce serpentinite. [1] Minerals formed by serpentinization include the serpentine group minerals (antigorite, lizardite, chrysotile), brucite, talc, Ni-Fe alloys, and magnetite.
Antigorite is a lamellated, monoclinic mineral in the phyllosilicate serpentine subgroup with the ideal chemical formula of (Mg,Fe 2+) 3 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4. [2] It is the high-pressure polymorph of serpentine and is commonly found in metamorphosed serpentinites.
Lizardite is a mineral from the serpentine subgroup [3] with formula Mg 3 (Si 2 O 5)(OH) 4, and the most common type of mineral in the subgroup. [4] It is also a member of the kaolinite-serpentine group. [5] Lizardite may form a solid-solution series with the nickel-bearing népouite (pure end-member: Ni 3 (Si 2 O 5)(OH) 4).
Greenalite is a mineral in the kaolinite-serpentine group with the chemical composition (Fe 2+,Fe 3+) 2-3 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4. [2] [5] It is a member of the serpentine ...
The most common asbestiform mineral is chrysotile, commonly called "white asbestos", a magnesium phyllosilicate part of the serpentine group. Other asbestiform minerals include riebeckite, an amphibole whose fibrous form is known as crocidolite or "blue asbestos", and brown asbestos, a cummingtonite-grunerite solid solution series.
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