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It guides international development practitioners in the process of conducting resilience assessments. It is used as a survey-based tool in program evaluation to measure impact as well as to monitor active projects for purposes of adaptive management. [2] The MSRI incorporates resilience measurement of both market system actors and households.
The 2024 Venezuelan blackouts were a series of interruptions to Venezuela's electrical service nationwide. The interruptions began on 27 August with a blackout that affected 12 states in the country at around 7:12 pm VET, [1] [2] lasting until service restorations began at approximately 8:30 pm. [3] On 30 August, another blackout was recorded that left more than 20 states in the country ...
In 2018, Venezuela's debt grew to US$156 billion [310] and as of March 2019, its reserves had dropped to US$8 billion. [311] With the exception of PDVSA's 2020 bonds, [312] as of January 2019, all of Venezuela's bonds are in default, [313] and Venezuela's government and state-owned companies owe nearly US$8 billion in unpaid interest and ...
In April 2000, Venezuela's president decreed a new mining law and regulations were adopted to encourage greater private sector participation in mineral extraction. During Venezuela's economic crisis, the rate of gold excavated fell 64.1% between February 2013 and February 2014 and iron production dropped 49.8%. [156]
World Bank List of countries by GDP (nominal) ranked 30th biggest economy in the world (this citation should be reviewed, Venezuela has a blank entry in cited document, nor is the document from 2015). [2]
Venezuela's economy is highly dependent on oil production and exportation. [2] Venezuela is a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. Its economy is prone to disruption given that price of oil fluctuates rapidly. In 2014, oil prices dropped. Since then Venezuela has had to adapt to a significant decrease in state revenue.
The SPF was found to assess resilience effectively in both men and women, across risk and socio-economic status, and ethnic/racial categories. In order to verify effectiveness in comparison to other measures, Madewell and Ponce-Garcia (2016) analyzed the SPF and four other commonly used measures of adult resilience.
The 2009–2010 banking crisis occurred in Venezuela when a number of the banks of Venezuela were taken over by the government, after "the revelation that several banks owned by Hugo Chavez supporters were in financial trouble after engaging in questionable business practices. Some were seriously undercapitalized, others were apparently lending ...