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The color of the flames also generally depends on temperature and oxygen fed; see flame colors. [5] The procedure uses different solvents and flames to view the test flame through a cobalt blue glass or didymium glass to filter the interfering light of contaminants such as sodium. [12] Flame tests are subject of a number of limitations.
The common flame of a candle is a classic example of a diffusion flame. The yellow color of the flame is due to the large number of incandescent soot particles in the incomplete combustion reaction of the flame.
A luminous candle flame. A luminous flame is a burning flame which is brightly visible. Much of its output is in the form of visible light, as well as heat or light in the non-visible wavelengths.
Zones in a candle flame The interior of the luminous zone can be much hotter, beyond 1,500 °C (2,730 °F). [3] Color and temperature of a flame are dependent on the type of fuel involved in the combustion. For example, when a lighter is held to a candle, the applied heat causes the fuel molecules in the candle wax to vaporize.
When the amount of oxygen increases, the flame shortens due to quicker combustion, its color becomes a more transparent blue, and it hisses/roars. [2] With some exceptions (e.g., platinum soldering in jewelry), the oxidizing flame is usually undesirable for welding and soldering, since, as its name suggests, it oxidizes the metal's surface. [2]
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Color enhancers (usually chlorine donors) are frequently added too, the most common of which is polyvinyl chloride. A practical use of colored fire is the flame test , where metal cations are tested by placing the sample in a flame and analyzing the color produced.
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