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The Martyrdom of Polycarp, along with other documents of the Apostolic Fathers, plays a central role in bridging the New Testament and emerging Christian writers in the latter half of the second century, such as Justin Martyr and Irenaeus. In his youth he is said to have known the apostles and in his later years also Irenaeus. [7]
A bearded Justin Martyr presenting an open book to a Roman emperor. Engraving by Jacques Callot. Justin Martyr was born c. AD 90–100, [9] [10] into a Greek family, [10] [11] at Flavia Neapolis (today Nablus) near the ancient biblical city of Shechem, in Samaria. [12]
Irenaeus uses the Logos theology he inherited from Justin Martyr. Irenaeus was a student of Polycarp, who was said to have been tutored by John the Apostle. [48] (John had used Logos terminology in the Gospel of John and the letter of 1 John). Irenaeus often spoke of the Son and the Spirit as the "hands of God," though he also spoke of the Son ...
Polycarp (/ ˈ p ɒ l i k ɑːr p /; Greek: Πολύκαρπος, Polýkarpos; Latin: Polycarpus; AD 69 – 155) was a Christian bishop of Smyrna. [2] According to the Martyrdom of Polycarp, he died a martyr, bound and burned at the stake, then stabbed when the fire failed to consume his body. [3]
[7]: 77–78 In her book, Moss examined the oldest and generally agreed to be most authentic of the martyrdom accounts: the Martyrdom of Polycarp, the Acts of Ptolemaeus and Lucius, the account of the trial and death of Justin Martyr and companions, the Acts of the Scillitan Martyrs, the story of Perpetua and Felicity, and the Persecution in ...
Polycarp of Smyrna [23] Justin Martyr [24] Scillitan Martyrs [25] Perpetua and Felicity [26] Ptolemaeus and Lucius [27] Pothinus, bishop of Lyon, with Blandina and several others, the "Martyrs of Lyon and Vienne" [28] [29] Pope Fabian [30] Sebastian [31] Shmona and Gurya [32] Agnes of Rome [33] Felix and Adauctus [34] Marcellinus and Peter [35 ...
Justin Martyr, church father ~165; Melito of Sardis, bishop of Sardis, ~180; Irenaeus, bishop of Lyon, disciple of Polycarp, apologist 180~202; Origen of Alexandria, 185~254, Neoplatonist, controversial during his lifetime, posthumously condemned at the Second Council of Constantinople in 553; Tatian, pupil of Justin Martyr, ascetic theologian ~185
Polycarp of Smyrna quotes about the "antichrist" in his Epistle to the Phillipians 7:1, a sure reference from the letters of John because the antichrist doctrine is not found in the textual record before the Johannine letters. Justin Martyr also alludes to ideas in John, though this reference is not certain, so the dating of John is not settled.