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  2. Optical brightener - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_brightener

    Laundry detergent fluorescing under ultraviolet light. Optical brighteners, optical brightening agents (OBAs), fluorescent brightening agents (FBAs), or fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs), are chemical compounds that absorb light in the ultraviolet and violet region (usually 340-370 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum, and re-emit light in the blue region (typically 420-470 nm) through the ...

  3. 4,4′-Diamino-2,2′-stilbenedisulfonic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4,4′-Diamino-2,2...

    It is a white, water-soluble solid. Structurally, it is a derivative of trans-stilbene, containing amino and sulfonic acid functional groups on each of the two phenyl rings. The compound is a popular optical brightener for use in laundry detergents. It is produced by reduction of 4,4′-dinitro-2,2′-stilbenedisulfonic acid with iron powder. [1]

  4. Optical aberration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_aberration

    In optics, aberration is a property of optical systems, such as lenses, that causes light to be spread out over some region of space rather than focused to a point. [1] Aberrations cause the image formed by a lens to be blurred or distorted, with the nature of the distortion depending on the type of aberration.

  5. Newton's rings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_rings

    Newton's rings observed through a microscope. The smallest increments on the superimposed scale are 100 μm. The illumination is from below, leading to a bright central region. Newton's rings interference pattern created by a plano-convex lens illuminated by 650 nm red laser light, photographed using a low-light microscope. The illumination is ...

  6. 11 dermatologist-approved melasma treatments of 2023

    www.aol.com/news/11-dermatologist-approved...

    Castilla recommends this dark spot corrector for its trio of brightening ingredients: kojic acid, niacinamide, and tranexamic acid. The brand recommends applying it twice a day by using three to ...

  7. Airy disk - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airy_disk

    The abscissa is given in units of the wavelength times the f-number of the optical system. The Airy pattern falls rather slowly to zero with increasing distance from the center, with the outer rings containing a significant portion of the integrated intensity of the pattern.

  8. Optical resolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_resolution

    The ability of a lens to resolve detail is usually determined by the quality of the lens, but is ultimately limited by diffraction.Light coming from a point source in the object diffracts through the lens aperture such that it forms a diffraction pattern in the image, which has a central spot and surrounding bright rings, separated by dark nulls; this pattern is known as an Airy pattern, and ...

  9. Optical ring resonators - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_ring_resonators

    A computer-simulated ring resonator depicting continuous wave input at resonance. An optical ring resonator is a set of waveguides in which at least one is a closed loop coupled to some sort of light input and output. (These can be, but are not limited to being, waveguides.)