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  2. List of unsolved problems in computer science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

    This article is a list of notable unsolved problems in computer science. A problem in computer science is considered unsolved when no solution is known or when experts in the field disagree about proposed solutions.

  3. NP (complexity) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NP_(complexity)

    Whether these problems are not decidable in polynomial time is one of the greatest open questions in computer science (see P versus NP ("P = NP") problem for an in-depth discussion). An important notion in this context is the set of NP-complete decision problems, which is a subset of NP and might be informally described as the "hardest ...

  4. Computational problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_problem

    The question then is, whether there exists an algorithm that maps instances to solutions. For example, in the factoring problem, the instances are the integers n, and solutions are prime numbers p that are the nontrivial prime factors of n. An example of a computational problem without a solution is the Halting problem. Computational problems ...

  5. NP-completeness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NP-completeness

    The class of decision problems that can be efficiently solved (in principle) by a fault-tolerant quantum computer is known as BQP. However, BQP is not believed to contain all of NP, and if it does not, then it cannot contain any NP-complete problem.

  6. Theory of computation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_computation

    The theory of computation can be considered the creation of models of all kinds in the field of computer science. Therefore, mathematics and logic are used. In the last century, it separated from mathematics and became an independent academic discipline with its own conferences such as FOCS in 1960 and STOC in 1969, and its own awards such as the IMU Abacus Medal (established in 1981 as the ...

  7. Outline of computer science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_computer_science

    Computer science (also called computing science) is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. One well known subject classification system for computer science is the ACM Computing Classification System devised by the Association for Computing Machinery.

  8. Approximation algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximation_algorithm

    For example, one of the long-standing open questions in computer science is to determine whether there is an algorithm that outperforms the 2-approximation for the Steiner Forest problem by Agrawal et al. [3] The desire to understand hard optimization problems from the perspective of approximability is motivated by the discovery of surprising ...

  9. Computer program - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_program

    The syntax of the language BASIC (1964) was intentionally limited to make the language easy to learn. [6] For example, variables are not declared before being used. [7] Also, variables are automatically initialized to zero. [7] Here is an example computer program, in Basic, to average a list of numbers: [8]