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  2. Economies of scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economies_of_scale

    Economies of scale is related to and can easily be confused with the theoretical economic notion of returns to scale. Where economies of scale refer to a firm's costs, returns to scale describe the relationship between inputs and outputs in a long-run (all inputs variable) production function.

  3. Glossary of economics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_economics

    Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...

  4. Economic sociology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_sociology

    Contemporary economic sociology may include studies of all modern social aspects of economic phenomena; economic sociology may thus be considered a field in the intersection of economics and sociology. Frequent areas of inquiry in contemporary economic sociology include the social consequences of economic exchanges, the social meanings they ...

  5. Returns to scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Returns_to_scale

    In economics, the concept of returns to scale arises in the context of a firm's production function.It explains the long-run linkage of increase in output (production) relative to associated increases in the inputs (factors of production).

  6. Theory of the firm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_the_firm

    Scope economies, or economies of scope, describe the aspect of production wherein cost savings result from the scope of an enterprise, as opposed to its scale (see economies of scale). Meaning, there are economies of scope where it is less expensive for firms to combine two or more product lines into one, than it is to produce each product ...

  7. Economic globalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_globalization

    In May 2012 the scale of Greek capital flight in the wake of the first "undecided" legislative election was estimated at €4 billion a week. [36] Capital flight can cause liquidity crises in directly affected countries and can cause related difficulties in other countries involved in international commerce such as shipping and finance. Asset ...

  8. Localization and Urbanization Economies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Localization_and...

    Localization and Urbanization Economies are two types of external economies of scale, or agglomeration economies. External economies of scale result from an increase in the productivity of an entire industry, region, or economy due to factors outside of an individual company. There are three sources of external economies of scale: input sharing ...

  9. Formalist–substantivist debate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formalist–substantivist...

    The formalist model is closely linked to neoclassical economics, defining economics as the study of choice under conditions of scarcity.All societies are therefore a collection of "choice making individuals whose every action involves conscious or unconscious selections among alternative means to alternative ends" or culturally defined goals.