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The C preprocessor (CPP) is a text file processor that is used with C, C++ and other programming tools. The preprocessor provides for file inclusion (often header files), macro expansion, conditional compilation, and line control. Although named in association with C and used with C, the preprocessor capabilities are not inherently tied to the ...
Unlike some other macro processors, m4 is Turing-complete as well as a practical programming language. Unquoted identifiers which match defined macros are replaced with their definitions. Placing identifiers in quotes suppresses expansion until possibly later, such as when a quoted string is expanded as part of macro replacement.
The __VA_OPT__ macro is replaced by its argument when arguments are present, and omitted otherwise. Common compilers also permit passing zero arguments before this addition, however. [4] [6] The C preprocessor rules prevent macro names in the argument of __VA_OPT__ from expanding recursively. It is possible to work around this limitation up to ...
For #include guards to work properly, each guard must test and conditionally set a different preprocessor macro. Therefore, a project using #include guards must work out a coherent naming scheme for its include guards, and make sure its scheme doesn't conflict with that of any third-party headers it uses, or with the names of any globally visible macros.
The ISO C specification makes allowance for these keywords as preprocessor macros in the header file iso646.h. For compatibility with C, C++ also provides the header iso646.h, the inclusion of which has no effect. Until C++20, it also provided the corresponding header ciso646 which had no effect as well.
This example aims to improve the readability of the X macro usage by: Prefix the name of the macro that defines the list with "FOR_". Pass name of the worker macro into the list macro. This both avoids defining an obscurely named macro (X), and alleviates the need to undefine it. Use the syntax for variadic macro arguments "..." in the worker ...
Note that the preprocessor is in principle language agnostic, and is a lexical preprocessor, working at the lexical analysis level – it does not do parsing, and thus is unable to do any processing specific to C syntax. The input to the compiler is the translation unit, and thus it does not see any preprocessor directives, which have all been ...
A parameterized macro is a macro that is able to insert given objects into its expansion. This gives the macro some of the power of a function. As a simple example, in the C programming language, this is a typical macro that is not a parameterized macro, i.e., a parameterless macro: #define PI 3.14159