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Romanticism originated in the second half of the 18th century at the same time as the French Revolution. [1] Romanticism continued to grow in reaction to the effects of the social transformation caused by the Revolution. There are many signs of these effects of the French Revolution in various pieces of Romantic literature.
Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century. The purpose of the movement was to advocate for the importance of subjectivity , imagination , and appreciation of nature in society and culture in response to the Age of ...
D. S. Mirsky followed Lukács in refusing to see Romanticism as a counter-revolutionary movement, instead stressing its contradictory nature in its various stages of development. He stated: "The Romantic features of this entire European literature are by their very nature not hostile to the general line of the bourgeois revolution.
The Romantic movement in English literature of the early 19th century has its roots in 18th-century poetry, the Gothic novel and the novel of sensibility. [6] [7] This includes the pre-Romantic graveyard poets from the 1740s, whose works are characterized by gloomy meditations on mortality, "skulls and coffins, epitaphs and worms". [8]
Dark romanticism: A style within Romanticism. Finds man inherently sinful and self-destructive and nature a dark, mysterious force E. T. A. Hoffmann, Ludwig Tieck, Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, Edwin Arlington Robinson: Lake Poets: A group of Romantic poets from the English Lake District who wrote about nature and the ...
After the 1870s "national romanticism", as it is more usually called, became a familiar movement in the arts. Romantic musical nationalism is exemplified by the work of Bedřich Smetana, especially the symphonic poem "Vltava". In Scandinavia and the Slavic parts of Europe especially, "national romanticism" provided a series of answers to the ...
The Counter-Enlightenment refers to a loose collection of intellectual stances that arose during the European Enlightenment in opposition to its mainstream attitudes and ideals. The Counter-Enlightenment is generally seen to have continued from the 18th century into the early 19th century, especially with the rise of Romanticism.
Considering Romanticism as a reflection of the age beginning after the French Revolution and its inherent social contradictions, Marx and Engels distinguished between "revolutionary Romanticism", which rejected capitalism and was striving towards the future, and Romantic criticism of capitalism from the point of view of the past.