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Amyloid shows up as homogeneous pink material in lamina propria and around blood vessels. 20× magnification. Amyloids are aggregates of proteins characterised by a fibrillar morphology of typically 7–13 nm in diameter , a β-sheet secondary structure (known as cross-β) and ability to be stained by particular dyes, such as Congo red . [ 1 ]
Amyloid deposits in tissue can cause enlargement of structures. Twenty percent of people with AL amyloidosis have an enlarged tongue, that can lead to obstructive sleep apnea, difficulty swallowing, and altered taste. [11] Tongue enlargement does not occur in ATTR or AA amyloidosis. [10] Deposition of amyloid in the throat can cause hoarseness ...
Acute-phase serum amyloid A proteins (A-SAAs) are secreted during the acute phase of inflammation.These proteins have several roles, including the transport of cholesterol to the liver for secretion into the bile, the recruitment of immune cells to inflammatory sites, and the induction of enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix.
Amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, also known as primary amyloidosis, is the most common form of systemic amyloidosis. [1] The disease is caused when a person's antibody -producing cells do not function properly and produce abnormal protein fibers made of components of antibodies called light chains .
Amylin, or islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), is a 37-residue peptide hormone. [5] It is co-secreted with insulin from the pancreatic β-cells in the ratio of approximately 100:1 (insulin:amylin). Amylin plays a role in glycemic regulation by slowing gastric emptying and promoting satiety, thereby preventing post-prandial spikes in blood glucose ...
LECT2 Amyloidosis (ALECT2) is a form of amyloidosis caused by the LECT2 protein. It was found to be the third most common (~3% of total) cause of amyloidosis in a set of more than 4,000 individuals studied at the Mayo Clinic; the first and second most common forms the disorder were AL amyloidosis and AA amyloidosis, respectively.
20219 Ensembl ENSG00000132703 ENSMUSG00000026542 UniProt P02743 P12246 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001639 NM_011318 RefSeq (protein) NP_001630 NP_035448 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 159.59 – 159.59 Mb Chr 1: 172.72 – 172.72 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse The serum amyloid P component (SAP) is the identical serum form of the amyloid P component (AP), a 25 kDa pentameric protein ...
Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is an integral membrane protein expressed in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons. It functions as a cell surface receptor [ 5 ] and has been implicated as a regulator of synapse formation , [ 6 ] neural plasticity , [ 7 ] antimicrobial activity, [ 8 ] and iron export . [ 9 ]