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Bisphosphonates are used to treat osteoporosis, osteitis deformans (Paget's disease of the bone), bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcemia), multiple myeloma, and other conditions involving fragile, breakable bone. In osteoporosis and Paget's, the most popular first-line bisphosphonate drugs are alendronate and risedronate.
In June 2010, denosumab was approved by the FDA for use in postmenopausal women with risk of osteoporosis [37] under the brand name Prolia, [38] and in November 2010, as Xgeva for the prevention of skeleton-related events in people with bone metastases from solid tumors. [39] Denosumab is the first RANKL inhibitor to be approved by the FDA. [37]
Alendronic acid, sold under the brand name Fosamax among others, is a bisphosphonate medication used to treat osteoporosis and Paget's disease of bone. [4] It is taken by mouth. [ 4 ] Use is often recommended together with vitamin D , calcium supplementation , and lifestyle changes.
Several other drugs, which treat bone loss or osteoporosis, including Merck's Fosamax, Amgen's Xgeva and Evenity, already come with safety information that warn against prescribing the drug to ...
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The difference lies in the non-hydrolysable carbon-phosphorus bond of the bisphosphonates which prevents their metabolism and at the same time ensure an effective absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. [9] The primary inhibiting action of the first generation of bisphosphonates on osteoclasts is by inducing apoptosis. The mechanism of ...
Patients being treated for osteoporosis or non-malignant bone disease with oral bisphosphonates/quarterly or yearly infusions of intravenous bisphosphonates for >5 years; Patients being treated for osteoporosis or non-malignant bone disease with bisphosphonates/denosumab for any length of time as well as being treated with systemic glucocorticoids
Additionally, there is question of the overall efficacy of calcitonin-containing nasal sprays. A phase III trial found no difference between placebo and nasal calcitonin sprays on lumbar bone mineral density in osteoporosis. [34] It did find a significant increase in bone mineral density with oral calcitonin.