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The level ancestor query LA(v,d) requests the ancestor of node v at depth d, where the depth of a node v in a tree is the number of edges on the shortest path from the root of the tree to node v. It is possible to solve this problem in constant time per query, after a preprocessing algorithm that takes O( n ) and that builds a data structure ...
In graph theory and theoretical computer science, the longest path problem is the problem of finding a simple path of maximum length in a given graph.A path is called simple if it does not have any repeated vertices; the length of a path may either be measured by its number of edges, or (in weighted graphs) by the sum of the weights of its edges.
Maximum lengths of snakes (L s) and coils (L c) in the snakes-in-the-box problem for dimensions n from 1 to 4. The problem of finding the longest path or cycle that is an induced subgraph of a given hypercube graph is known as the snake-in-the-box problem. Szymanski's conjecture concerns the suitability of a hypercube as a network topology for ...
The k shortest path routing problem is a generalization of the shortest path routing problem in a given network. It asks not only about a shortest path but also about next k−1 shortest paths (which may be longer than the shortest path). A variation of the problem is the loopless k shortest paths.
It follows that C n is the number of full binary trees with n + 1 leaves, or, equivalently, with a total of n internal nodes: The associahedron of order 4 with the C 4 =14 full binary trees with 5 leaves. C n is the number of non-isomorphic ordered (or plane) trees with n + 1 vertices. [7] See encoding general trees as binary trees.
[24]: 3 The skip number 1 at node 0 corresponds to the position 1 in the binary encoded ASCII where the leftmost bit differed in the key set . [24]: 3-4 The skip number is crucial for search, insertion, and deletion of nodes in the Patricia tree, and a bit masking operation is performed during every iteration. [15]: 143
Finally, when in 1944 Kees Posthumus conjectured the count for binary sequences, de Bruijn proved the conjecture in 1946, through which the problem became well-known. [ 2 ] Karl Popper independently describes these objects in his The Logic of Scientific Discovery (1934), calling them "shortest random-like sequences".
By formulating MAX-2-SAT as a problem of finding a cut (that is, a partition of the vertices into two subsets) maximizing the number of edges that have one endpoint in the first subset and one endpoint in the second, in a graph related to the implication graph, and applying semidefinite programming methods to this cut problem, it is possible to ...