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The hygrometer, made of cardboard, shows a figure consisting of a friar of the Capuchin Order [3] with an open book in his right hand and the left arm and the hood of the habit mobile thanks to balanced axes; In this arm he carries a bar thanks to which he indicates the weather approximately 24 hours in advance on various signs arranged from top to bottom on a column while he moves his hood to ...
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (936–1013 AD), better known in the west as Albucasis, is regarded as the father of modern surgery and is the most quoted surgeon of all times. Albucasis invented over 200 tools for use in surgery - many still in use today. Water and weight driven mechanical clocks, by Spanish Muslim engineers sometime between 900 ...
Miguel Servet (1511–1553), known in English by his Latin name of Michael Servetus, scientist, surgeon and humanist; first European to describe pulmonary circulation. [58] Luis Simarro Lacabra (1851–1921), psychiatrist; developed a silver bromide modification of Camillo Golgi's silver chromate technique. [59]
Later, in the year 1783, Swiss physicist and geologist Horace Bénédict de Saussure invented a hygrometer that uses a stretched human hair as its sensor. In the late 17th century, some scientists called humidity-measuring instruments hygroscopes; that word is no longer in use, but hygroscopic and hygroscopy, which derive from it, still are.
1701 — Ole Christensen Rømer made one of the first practical thermometers. As a temperature indicator it used red wine. As a temperature indicator it used red wine. ( Rømer scale ), The temperature scale used for his thermometer had 0 representing the temperature of a salt and ice mixture (at about 259 s).
This instrument sparked a bitter controversy with Jean-André Deluc, who had invented a whalebone hygrometer. [12] In 1767, Saussure constructed the first known Western solar oven, trying several designs before determining that a well-insulated box with three layers of glass to trap outgoing thermal radiation produced the most heat. [13]
1836 – An American scientist, Dr. David Alter, invented the first known American electric telegraph in Elderton, Pennsylvania, one year before the much more popular Morse telegraph was invented. 1837 – Samuel Morse independently developed an electrical telegraph , an alternative design that was capable of transmitting over long distances ...
The principle behind the ceiling balloon is a balloon with a known ascent rate (how fast it climbs) and determining how long the balloon rises until it disappears into the cloud. Ascent rate times ascent time yields the ceiling height. A disdrometer is an instrument used to measure the drop size distribution and velocity of falling hydrometeors.