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The reservoir emptying through the failed Teton Dam on June 5, 1976 Ruins of the dam of Vega de Tera (Spain) after breaking in 1959. A dam failure or dam burst is a catastrophic type of structural failure characterized by the sudden, rapid, and uncontrolled release of impounded water or the likelihood of such an uncontrolled release. [1]
In 2005, the Discovery Channel show Ultimate 10 rated the Banqiao Dam failure as the greatest technological catastrophe in the world, beating the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in the Soviet Union. Discovery cited the death toll to be 240,000, which included 140,000 deaths due to famine, infections and epidemics. [4] [5] [27]
The first dam on the Machchhu river, named Machchhu I, was built in 1959, having a catchment area of 730 square kilometres (280 sq mi). The Machchhu II dam was constructed downstream of Machchhu I in 1972, and has a catchment area of 1,929 square kilometres (745 sq mi). [5] It was an earthfill dam. The dam was meant to serve an irrigation scheme.
The Kakhovka Dam raised the natural level of the Dnieper River by 16 m (52 ft), [17] flooding the Great Meadow and creating the Kakhovka Reservoir. This was the second-largest reservoir in Ukraine by area (2,155 km 2 [832 sq mi]) and the largest by water volume (18.19 km 3 [4.36 cu mi]). [17] [18]
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The dam foundations washed away and a wave swept aside everything in its path, including two towns, killing at least eleven people, and thousands of cattle. [7] 1976: Machchhu Dam: Morbi India: The Machhu Dam-II collapsed, leading to the deluge of the city of Morbi and the surrounding rural areas. 1800–25,000 people were killed. [8] [9] 1979 ...
The Vajont Dam or Vaiont Dam is a disused hydro-electric dam in northern Italy. It is one of the tallest dams in the world , with a height of 262 m (860 ft). [ 5 ] [ 6 ] It is in the valley of the Vajont (river) under Monte Toc , in the municipality of Erto e Casso , 100 km (62 mi ) north of Venice .
Repeated failures of this dam triggered jökulhlaups, a type of glacial outburst flood. [10]: 105 [11]: 1 The exact cause of these failures is disputed. Cataclysms on the Columbia: The Great Missoula Floods suggests that the ice dam may have floated by the lake, allowing water to flow underneath and disintegrate the dam.